Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Which of the 3 embryonic germ layers do endocrine glands develop from?
|
All 3
|
|
|
What are the key differences between exocrine glands and endocrine glands?
|
Endocrine glands are ductless - they secrete hormones directly into blood stream.
|
|
|
What are the differences between the Endocrine System and the Nervous System?
|
Endocrine has a slower response but lasts longer
Has widespread effects Can affect any cell in the body Acts using hormones not neurons |
|
|
Name the 3 types of Hormones and an example of each.
|
Peptide - chains of amino acids, most common type. ex: growth hormone
Steroids - lipid derived from cholesterol. ex: testosterone Biogenic Amines - a modified amino acid. ex: thyroid hormone |
|
|
What 3 Glands does the Hypothalamus produce to?
|
Anterior pituitary (Adeno.)
Posterior pituitary (Neuro.) Adrenal Gland |
|
|
What hormones are stored in the posterior pituitary gland?
|
ADH - Antidiuretic hormone (Vasopressin)
- water reabsorption Oxytocin - Smooth muscle contraction in reproductive organs. - Uterine contractions and milk ejection |
|
|
What two problems can stem from ADH?
|
Hypersecretion = causes edema
Hyposecretion = causes diabetes insipidus |
|
|
What is secreted by the Anterior Pituitary Gland?
|
FSH - act on gonads
LH - act on gonads ACTH - acts on adrenal cortex TSH - acts on thyroid PRL - mammary glands & testes GH - all body tissue -bone&muscle MSH -melanocytes in epidermis |
|
|
What causes Pituitary Dwarfism?
Pituitary Gigantism? Acromegaly? |
Hyposecretion of GH in children
Hypersecretion of GH in children Hypersecretion of GH in adults |
|
|
What gland is found on the posterior edge of the thalamus?
What does it do? |
Pineal Gland
produces melatonin - responsible for circadian rhythm - sleep cycle |
|
|
What Gland is located on the anterior side of the neck?
What does it secrete? |
Thyroid Gland
Thyroid Hormone - increases metabolic rate Calcitonin - Increases blood calcium in bones |
|
|
What hormone works antagonistically to calcitonin?
What secretes it? |
Parathyroid hormone
Parathyroid gland |
|
|
What causes an Endemic Goiter?
What causes Hyperthyroidism? What causes Hypothyroidism? |
Iodine deficiency
Excessive TH production - Grave's dis Decreased production of TH - gain weight |
|
|
Where is your Thymus?
What does it do? |
On the Heart
It produces Thymic Hormones: - Thymopoietin - Thymosins - which stimulates the differentiation, growth, and maturation of T-Lymphocytes Jump starts the immune system |
|
|
What gland is on the Kidney?
What are the two divisions of this gland? |
Adrenal Gland
Cortex (outside) and Medulla (inside) |
|
|
What does the Adrenal Cortex secrete?
What does the Adrenal Medulla secrete? |
Adrenal Cortex
- Aldosterone - mineralcorticoid, Water reabsorption - Cortisol - Glucocorticoid, helps body deal with stress Adrenal Medulla - Epinephrine (Adrenaline) - Norepinephrine - both enhance fight or flight |
|
|
What are Corticosteroids for?
|
They act on the immune system by blocking inflammation
-Also impede the function of WBC increasing susceptibility to infection. -Used to treat: Rheumatoid arthritis, Lupus, Inflammatory bowel disease |
|
|
What is the result of Hypersecretion of the adrenal gland aldosterone?
Hyposecretion? |
Cushing's Syndrome.
moon face, hunchback Addison's Disease skinny, dark skin, tired |
|
|
What is produced in the Pancreas and what do each of them do?
|
Glucagon - Increases blood glucose
Insulin - Decreases blood glucose Somatostatin - Slows insulin release Pancreatic Polypepetide - suppresses somatostatin secretion |
|
|
Explain the 3 types of Diabetes Mellitus.
|
Type I - Autoimmune, Insulin depent.
Type II - Insulin Independent Gestational - develops during pregnant |
