Anatomy - Endocrine System

Front 1

In this system chemicals, called hormones, are secreted directly into the blood stream to work on a distant receptor site (exception: gastrin secreted by stomach glandular cells, works on stomach cells)

Back 1

Endocrine System

Front 2

What are chemical messengers produced by endocrine glands and secreted directly into blood vessels?

Back 2

Hormones

Front 3

Hormones ____ to _____ receptors to change some activity of that cell.

Back 3

bind to specific receptors

Front 4

What organ is an important bridge between nervous system and endocrine system?

Back 4

Hypothalamus

Front 5

What organ releases thyroid hormone and calcitonin?

Back 5

Thyroid Gland

Front 6

What Organ releases parathyroid hormone?

Back 6

Parathyroid Gland

Front 7

What organ release insulin, glucagon, somatostatin.

Back 7

Pancreas

Front 8

What is an organ that caps on top of the kidneys. Divided into the cortex and medulla.

Back 8

Adrena Cortex
Adrena Medulla

Front 9

What organ produces steroid hormones, glucocorticoids, mineralcorticoids, sex hormones.

Back 9

Adrena Cortex

Front 10

What organ produces adrenergic hormones / catecholamines: norepinephrine and epinephrine (flight or fight response).

Back 10

Adrena Medulla

Front 11

What organ produces androgens?

Back 11

Testicles

Front 12

What organ produces estrogens, progestins?

Back 12

Ovaries

Front 13

What organ produces erythropoietin?

Back 13

Kidneys

Front 14

What organ produces gastrin?

Back 14

Stomach

Front 15

What organ produces secretin, cholecystokinin?

Back 15

Small Intestine

Front 16

What organ produces chorionic gonadotropin?

Back 16

Placenta

Front 17

What organ secretes melatonin?

Back 17

Pineal Body

Front 18

What seven hormones are released from the anterior pituitary?

Back 18

Growth Hormone (Somatotropin)
Prolactin
Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
Melancyte Stimulating Hormone (MSH)

Front 19

What hormone is related to maintaining lactation?

Back 19

Prolactin

Front 20

This hormone stimulates growth and development of follicles (oogenesis) and release of estrogen.

In males stimulates spermatogenesis.

Back 20

FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)

Front 21

This hormone in females caues ovulation! Continued high levels causes follicle to develop into a corpus luteum (CL)

In males it stimulates testosterone production.

Back 21

Luteninizing Hormone

Front 22

In reptiles this hormone can cause color changes in skin. Tans in sun.

Back 22

Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone

Front 23

This hormone causes water reabsorption and prevents diuresis.

Back 23

Anti-diuretic Hormone (ADH)

Front 24

What hormone is used in milk letdown? It also causes contractions in the Uterus!

Back 24

Oxytocin

Front 25

Which hormones regulate body metabolism?

Back 25

Thyroid Hormones!

T3 and T4

Front 26

What hormones causes excess calcium to be deposited into bones.

Back 26

Calcitonin

Front 27

Calcitonin and Parathyroid hormone are involved in what part of the bodies homeostasis?

Back 27

Ca++

Front 28

This hormone has three actions:
1. Increase blood sugar
2. Protein breakdown
3. Suppress the immune system

Back 28

Glucocorticoids

Front 29

This hormone works in reabsorption of sodium, water follows osmotically.

Back 29

Mineralocorticoids

Front 30

This horomone increases sympathic system tone! (Fight or right reactions)

Back 30

Epinephrine / Norepinephrine

Front 31

This hormone causes cells to take up glucose.

Back 31

Insulin

Front 32

This hormone does
1. Glycogenolysis - catabolise glycogen to glucose.
2. Gluconeogenesis - formation of glucose from amino acids!

Back 32

Glucagon

Front 33

This hormone is inhibits insulin, inhibits glucagon, and slows GI tract.

Think Static

Back 33

Somatostatin

Front 34

Sex characteristic for males!

Back 34

Androgens

Front 35

Sex characteristic for females!

Back 35

Estrogens

Front 36

This hormone prepares the uterus for implantation and maintains pregnancy.

Back 36

Progestins / Progresterone

Front 37

This hormone stimulates eryhtropoiesis!

Back 37

Erythropoietin

Front 38

This hormone stimulates HCI relase if gastric pH is < 3.

Back 38

Gastrin

Front 39

What two hormones are released from the small intestine?

Back 39

Secretin and Cholecystokinin

Front 40

This hormone is released from placentas and maintains pregnancy!

Back 40

Chorionic Gonadotropin

Front 41

This hormone plays a role in sleep cycles!

Back 41

Melatonin

Front 42

This hormone group has 9 main categories and tends to only travel short distances to tissues. They have powerful effects in a wide range.

Back 42

Prostaglandins

Front 43

A disease that casuses weight loss, cardiac diseasee, hyperactivity, vomiting and diarrhea.

Back 43

Hyperthyroidism (Often Cats)

Front 44

A disease that causes weight gain, heat-seeking, coat abnormalities, and anemia.

Back 44

Hypothyroidism (Often Dogs)

Front 45

This dease called hyperadrenocorticism causes weight gain, alopecia, thin skin, PU / PD. It's other name is?

Back 45

Cushing's Disease

Front 46

Hypoadrenocorticism causes acute illness or chronic waxing and waning course anorexia, fatigue, anemia. It's other name is?

Back 46

Addison's Disease

Front 47

What is Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?

Back 47

Pancreas doesn't make insulin.

Front 48

What is Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?

Back 48

Insulin doesn't work because of insulin resistance.

Front 49

The basic problem with Diabetes Mellitus is?

Back 49

Cells unable to use glucose for energy!

Front 50

There is another type of diabetes. It is diagnosed by water deprivation test. The body is unable to concentrate urine in response to clinical dehydration.

Back 50

Diabetes Insipidus!

Front 51

This term is used when you have a Downer Cow. Hypocalcemia when demands of lactatikon exceed parathyroid hormone's ability to mobilize calcium.

Back 51

Milk Fever / Eclampsia

Front 52

This hormone is somewhat controversal and is used to supplement cattle and increase milk production.

Back 52

Bovine Somatotropin (BST)

Digested and is same as normal BST in cows.