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133 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Carry blood away from the heart and toward the capillaries in tissue?
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Arteries
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Smallest arteries in the body?
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Arterioles
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Drain capillaries in the tissues and return blood to the heart?
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Veins
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Smallest veins are called?
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venules
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Allow for exchange between blood and body cells or between blood and air in lung tissue?
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Capillaries
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Vessels take the CO2 out of the blood and bring in O2?
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Pulmonary circuit
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Includes pulmonary artery with branches, lung capillaries, pulmonary veins?
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Pulmonary circuit
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Vessels serve the rest of the aorta, systemic capillaries, systemic veins?
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Systemic circuit
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First part of the aorta has two branches near the heart L & R coronary arteries that supply the heart muscle?
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Ascending aorta
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Branches to celiac trunk, superior mesenteric and inferior Mesenteric?
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Abdominal aorta
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Branch of celiac, carries O2 blood to the liver?
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Hepatic artery
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Carries blood to kidneys?
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Renal artery
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Division of abdmoninal aorta-extends into pelvis, divides internal and external?
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Common iliac artery
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Starts as the sublcavian artery - sends blood to hand?
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Axillary artery
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Starts as brachial artery, continues down thumb sid of forearm and wrist?
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Radial artery
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Sends O2 blood to 3 branches:
Left gastric, splenic, heaptic? |
Celia artery
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Artery of the stomach?
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Left gastric artery
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artery of the spleen?
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splenic artery
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artery of the liver?
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Hepatic artery
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Largest of abdonminal aorta branches?
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superior mesenteric artery
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Carries blood to small intestines and 1/2 of lg intestines?
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Superior mesenteric artery
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Sends branches to pelvic organs?
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internal iliac artery
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includes urinary bladder, rectum, and some reproductive organs?
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Internal iliac artery
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Starts as esternal iliac, artery of the thigh?
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femoral artery
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Divides into R common caratoid and L common caratoid arteries?
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Common carotoid
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Supplies right side of head and neck?
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Right common carotoid
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Supplies left side of the neck?
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Left common carotiod
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Vein near occipital bone of head?
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Occipital
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Vein of tongue?
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Lingual
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Vein that drains the areas supplied by the carotoid arteries?
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Jugular
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Superficial vein - often used for blood samples?
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Cephalic vein
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Deep vein of upper extremity?
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Subclavian vein
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Formed by the union of the sublclavian and the jugular veins?
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Briachocephalic vein
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Veins of the head, neck, upper extremities, and chest drain into SVC which leads to heart?
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Superior Vena Cava
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Longest vein of the body (lower extremity)?
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Saphenous vein
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Begins in foot empties into femoral vein near groin?
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Saphenous vein
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Longer than SVC - returns blood from parts of the body below the diaphragm?
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IVC
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Pathway of draining tissue fluid?
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Lymphatic system
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Drain fluid that does not return to the blood?
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Lymphatic capillaries
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When tissue fluid enters the lymphatic capillary is called?
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lymph
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Before lympth reaches the veins it flows through filters called?
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Lymph nodes
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Bacteria and foreign particles are trapped and destroyed?
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Lymph nodes
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Become larger during upper respiratory infections?
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Cervical nodes
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Drain venous parts of head and neck?
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Cervical nodes
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(armpits) enlarge after upper extremity and breast infections?
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Axillary nodes
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Groin- recieves lympth drainage from lower extremities and external genital organs?
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Inguinal nodes
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Drains into thoracic duct, dorsal trunk and spinal cord area?
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Lumbar nodes
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Extends under left clavicle?
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Left subclavian veid
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What are the 3 phases of respiration?
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Pulmonary ventilation, diffusion of gases, transport of gases
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Inspiration and expiration?
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Pulmonary ventilation
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O2 from air sacs into blood, CO2 out of blood?
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Diffusion of gases
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O2 to cells, CO2 from cells to lungs?
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Transport of gases
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Sinus located in the frontal bones?
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Frontal sinus
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In the body of the sphenoid bones?
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Sphenoid sinus
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Both of these sinuses are small cavities line with mucus membrane in the bones of the skull, susceptible to infection?
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Frontal and sphenoid sinus'
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Cartilage that covers the larnx during swallowing?
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Epiglottis
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Voice box, between pharnyx and trachea?
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Larynx
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Membrane for speech production?
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Vocal cords
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Tube that carries food from the throat to the stomach?
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Esophogus
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Windpipe-extends from lower larynx to upper part of chest above the heart?
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Trachea
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Air sacs - where most gas exchange takes place?
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Alveoli
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Between the parietal and visceral pleura?
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Pleural space
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Contains thin film of fluid that lubricates the membranes?
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Pleural space
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U-shaped bone just below skull to which the tongue attaches?
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Hyoid bone
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Adams apple?
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Thyroid cartilage
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Blood vessels are divided into five (5) groups which are?
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Arteries, Arterioles, Capillaries, Venules, Veins
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Small subdivisions of the arteries, carry blood into the capillaries?
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Arterioles
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Are tiny, thin-walled vessels that allow for exchanges between systems?
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Capillaries
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These connect the arterioles and the venules?
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Capillaries
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Small vessels that receive blood from the capillaries and begin its transport back toward the heart?
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Venules
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Are vessels formed by the merger of venules, they continue the transport of blood until it is returned to the heart?
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Veins
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Vessels are subdivided into to two (2) groups?
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Pulmonary and systemic circuits
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This circuit delivers blood to the lungs where CO2 is eliminated and O is replenished?
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Pulmonary Circuit
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The pulmonary vessels that carry blood to and from the lungs include?
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Pulmonary artery and its branches, capillaries in lungs, and pulmonary veins.
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Carry blood from the RV to the lungs?
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Pulmonary artery
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Carry blood to the left atrium?
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Pulmonary veins
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What is the only artery that carries deoxygenated blood?
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Pulmonary Artery
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What is the only vein that carries oxygenated blood?
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Pulmonary vein
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All arteries except the pulmonary artery carry what kind of blood?
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Oxygenated blood
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All veins except for the pulmonary vein carry what kind of blood?
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Deoxygenated Blood
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These vessels supply nutrients and oxygen to all the tissues and carry waste materials away from the tissues for disposal?
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Systemic Circuit
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Receives blood from the LV and then branches into the systematic arteries carrying blood to the tissues?
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Aorta
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The Systemic Circuit includes?
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Aorta, capillaries, systemic veins
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These vessels have thick walls because they must be strong enough to receive blood pumped under pressure from the hearts ventricles?
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Arteries
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How many tunics of an artery are there?
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Three
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The innermost membrame of simple, flat epithelial cells make up this tunic?
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Endothelium
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A smooth surface over which the blood flows easily?
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Endothelium
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The middle and thickest layers of an artery, which is under control of the ANS?
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Middle Tunic
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Is comprised of smooth muscle?
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Middle Tunic
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Is made of supporting connective tissue?
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Outer Tunic
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What allows the layers of the arterial walls to strecth when receiving blood and then return to their original size?
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Elastic tissue between layers
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Vessel consisting of small amounts of elastic connective tissue and large amounts of smooth muscle?
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Arterioles
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These vessels regulate the amount of blood that enters the various tissues at a given time?
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Arterioles
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These become narrower/constrict when the muscle contracts?
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Arterioles
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These widen/dilate when the muscle relaxes?
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Arterioles
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Change in the diameter of the arterioles is a major factor in what?
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BP control
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These vessel walls are transparent and are made of smooth squamous epithelial cells that are a continuation of the lining of the arteries?
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Capillaries
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The thinnes of these vessel walls allow for exchange between the blood and the body cells and between the lung tissue and the outside air?
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Capillaries
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These vessels have one cell layer?
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Capillaries
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Formed by the union of capillaries?
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Venules
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As this vessel merges to form veins, their walls become thicker?
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Venules
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The difference between the three tunics in arteries and veins?
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The middle layer in the vein is thinner
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These capillaries are composed of a continuous layer of endothelial cells?
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Continous capillaries
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These type of capillaries are found in the muscle, connective tissue, the lungs, and the CNS?
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Continuous capillaries
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These type of capillaries are least permeable?
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Continous capillaries
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Type of capillaries that are more permeable?
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Fenestrated capillaries
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These seive like capillaries are permeable to water and solutes as large as peptides?
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Fenestrated capillaries
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Type of capillaries that have many holes in the endothelium?
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Fenestrated capillaries
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These capillaries permit rapid absorption of water and nutrients into the bloddstream?
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Fenestrated capillaries
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Type of capillaries that are the most permeable?
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Discontinous or sinusoids
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Type of capillary found in the liver and red bone marrow, and have large spaces?
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Discontinous or sinusoids
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Albumin, clotting factors and other proteins formed in the liver enter the bloodstream via these capillaries?
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Discontinous or sinusoids
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In red bone marrow, newly formed blood cells travel through this type of capillary to enter the bloodstream?
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Discontinous or sinusoids
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These vessels have less elastic tissue between the layers?
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Veins
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These vessels carry blood under lower pressure, so the middle tunic is thinner?
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Veins
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Because of their thinner walls these vessels collapse easy?
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Veins
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These vessels are equipped with one-way valves that permit blood flow in only one direction, to the heart?
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Veins
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Veins and their one-way valves are most numerous in what parts of the body?
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Extremities
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is one continuous artery but it divided into many branches?
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Aorta
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Near the heart and inside the pericardial sac?
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ascending aorta
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Curves from the right to the left and also extends posteriorly?
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Aortic arch
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lies just anterior to the vertebral column?
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Thoracic aorta
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The largest section of the aorta, spanning the abdominal cavity?
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abdominal aorta
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These arteries support the heart muscle?
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L/R coronary arteries
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Form a crown around the hearts base and give off branches to all parts of the myocardium?
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R/L coronary arteries
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Located immediately beyond the ascending aorta, divides into three sections?
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Arch of the aorta
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What are the three division of the aortic arch?
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brachiocephalic artery, L common carotid artery, L subclavian artery
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Which branch of the aortic arch branches into R common carotid and R subclavian?
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Brachiocephalic artery
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Extends under the R clavicle and supplies the right upper extremity (arm)?
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R subclavian artery
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Supplies the right side of the neck, head and brain?
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R common carotid artery
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Extends upward from the highest part of the aortic arch?
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L common carotid
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Supplies the left side of the neck and head?
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L common carotid
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Extends under the left claviicle and supplies the left arm?
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L subclavian artery
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