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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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property tax |
Homes/land assessed this 'tax' to raise money for schools, colonial towns, and districts |
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State funding
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The major share of funding for public education is paid for by... |
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Categorical grants
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funds directed at specific categories and targeted educational needs. EX: Pre-K for the poor, libraries, technology, help for Vets/teachers/training, lunches for low income youth, etc |
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School Boards are generally groups of men who: |
This group determines educational policy; tend to be male (over 60%), white, (over 85%), and not younger than 50. |
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Serrano v. Priest (1971) |
A California Supreme Court decision on sources of educational funding declared the property tax unconstitutional
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The Tenth Amendment
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"The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the People." |
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Bond |
This is used in the local community to build/fix school; a certificate of debt issued by a gov't guaranteeing full payment plus interest by a specific date. |
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How do state school board & chief officers get appointed? |
*Elected by the people *Elected by the people's representatives *Appointed by the governor *Appointed by officials other than the governor. |
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Who is considered part of the "hidden school government" and have "covert power"?
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*The school secretary
*Parents |
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The local school district superintendents are employed as... |
*Conflict mediators
*Civil Service-Type Administrates *Powerless 'figureheads' |
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Consolodation
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Merging smaller schools and districts into larger ones |
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San Antonio v Rodriguez (1973) |
The supreme court ruled that education is NOT a fundamental right under the US Constitution.Lost by ONE VOTE (5-4). |
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Robin Hood Reformers |
won a victory in court as they took funds from the wealthy districts and redistributed to the poorer districts |
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'Adequate Education' guarantees... |
ensures all students have the basic skills they need to be effective citizens and compete in the labor market. |
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Block Grants |
Federal gov't gives dollars directly to each state with few rules on where/how to allocate the money. |
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Accountability |
Schools and teachers are held accountable for how students are scoring on standardized tests. Teachers might find their pay/tenure are effected by this. |
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State Board of Education |
This group formulates educational policy; usually appointed by the governor or statewide election |
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Chief State School Officer aka: superintendent, commissioner, secretary of education, or director of education |
This person is responsible for overseeing, regulating, and planning school activities and implementing policies. |
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State Department of Education |
This group performs administrative tasks needed to implement the policies like: *licencing teachers, *standardized testing, *distributing state/federal funds *making sure districts comply with the laws |
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Local School Boards/Superintendents responsibilities include: |
*school construction *taxing *budgeting *hiring of school personnel *curriculum decisions *local school progress *student progress |
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Decentralization |
This term is when many districts are reversing the trend, creating smaller schools/districts or creating charter schools |
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Educational Partnership |
Big name companies that form a relationship with a school, give money, products, and/or sign exclusive rights with each other. EX: Scripps Howard Spelling BEE |
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Site-based or School-based managment |
This management shifts the decision making from the central office to individual schools |
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Collaborative decision making |
creates teacher communities to share power between principal and faculty |
