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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what is one of the smallest human chromosomes, contains 48 x 106 nucleotide pairs and makes up 1.5% of the human genome.
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chromosome 22
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The bulk of the human genome is made of what?
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noncoding and repetitive nucleotide sequences.
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a cluster of genes that lie on chromosome 2 are called what?
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HoxD
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_____ contains 9 genes and whose differential expression along the anteroposterior axis of the developing embryo helps establish the basic body plan for humans
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Hox D
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what cleaves dna at specific dna sequences?
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restriction nucleases
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target sequences are often________
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palindromic
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________ means that the nucleotide sequence is symmetrical around a central point
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palindromic
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in gel electrophoresis To visualize the DNA bands, the gel is soaked in a dye called?
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ethidium bromide
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an alternative for visualizing DNA bands is
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autoradiography
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for hybridization to occur the two strands must have what
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complementary nucleotide sequences
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_______ is used to detect specific dna fragments
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southern blotting
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_________ is used to detect specific sequences in RNA is called
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Northern blotting
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Recombinant DNA molecules can be formed______ .
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in vitro
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The enzyme____ _____ can join any two DNA fragments together.
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DNA ligase
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what provides the energy necessary for the ligase to reseal the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA
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ATP
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Some bacteria can efficiently take up foreign DNA from their surroundings, a phenomenon called
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transformation
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bacterial plasmids are commonly used as
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cloning vectors
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A DNA fragment is inserted into a bacterial plasmid by using the enzyme
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dna ligase
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A DNA fragment can be replicated inside a
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bacterial cell
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comprises a set of bacteria, each carrying a different small fragment of human DNA
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a genomic library
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Libraries of human genomic DNA fragments can be constructed using________ and _____ .
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restriction nucleases and ligase
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A bacterial colony carrying a particular DNA clone can be identified by
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hybridization
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Complementary DNA (cDNA) can be prepared from
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mRNA.
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DNA copies (cDNA) of the mRNA molecules are produced by the enzyme
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reverse transcriptase
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____ _______ direct the amplification of the desired piece of DNA
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PCR primers
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____can be used to obtain genomic or cDNA clones.
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PCR
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can be used to detect the presence of a viral genome in a sample of blood
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PCR
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is used in forensic science to distinguish one individual from another
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PCR
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can be used to determine the pattern of a gene's expression. If
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reporter genes
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is used to locate genes on chromosomes.
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In situ hybridization
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are used to monitor the expression of many thousands of genes simultaneously
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dna microarrays
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Gene replacement in mice utilizes
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embryonic stem cells
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Transgenic plants can be made using
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recombinant DNA techniques
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Gene function can be tested by
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RNA interference
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Transgenic mice with a mutant DNA helicase show
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premature aging
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