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35 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
what is one of the smallest human chromosomes, contains 48 x 106 nucleotide pairs and makes up 1.5% of the human genome.
chromosome 22
The bulk of the human genome is made of what?
noncoding and repetitive nucleotide sequences.
a cluster of genes that lie on chromosome 2 are called what?
HoxD
_____ contains 9 genes and whose differential expression along the anteroposterior axis of the developing embryo helps establish the basic body plan for humans
Hox D
what cleaves dna at specific dna sequences?
restriction nucleases
target sequences are often________
palindromic
________ means that the nucleotide sequence is symmetrical around a central point
palindromic
in gel electrophoresis To visualize the DNA bands, the gel is soaked in a dye called?
ethidium bromide
an alternative for visualizing DNA bands is
autoradiography
for hybridization to occur the two strands must have what
complementary nucleotide sequences
_______ is used to detect specific dna fragments
southern blotting
_________ is used to detect specific sequences in RNA is called
Northern blotting
Recombinant DNA molecules can be formed______ .
in vitro
The enzyme____ _____ can join any two DNA fragments together.
DNA ligase
what provides the energy necessary for the ligase to reseal the sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA
ATP
Some bacteria can efficiently take up foreign DNA from their surroundings, a phenomenon called
transformation
bacterial plasmids are commonly used as
cloning vectors
A DNA fragment is inserted into a bacterial plasmid by using the enzyme
dna ligase
A DNA fragment can be replicated inside a
bacterial cell
comprises a set of bacteria, each carrying a different small fragment of human DNA
a genomic library
Libraries of human genomic DNA fragments can be constructed using________ and _____ .
restriction nucleases and ligase
A bacterial colony carrying a particular DNA clone can be identified by
hybridization
Complementary DNA (cDNA) can be prepared from
mRNA.
DNA copies (cDNA) of the mRNA molecules are produced by the enzyme
reverse transcriptase
____ _______ direct the amplification of the desired piece of DNA
PCR primers
____can be used to obtain genomic or cDNA clones.
PCR
can be used to detect the presence of a viral genome in a sample of blood
PCR
is used in forensic science to distinguish one individual from another
PCR
can be used to determine the pattern of a gene's expression. If
reporter genes
is used to locate genes on chromosomes.
In situ hybridization
are used to monitor the expression of many thousands of genes simultaneously
dna microarrays
Gene replacement in mice utilizes
embryonic stem cells
Transgenic plants can be made using
recombinant DNA techniques
Gene function can be tested by
RNA interference
Transgenic mice with a mutant DNA helicase show
premature aging