Biology Unit Test- Cells

Front 1

cytoplasm

Back 1

the region of the cell within the membrane that includes the fluid, cytoskeleton, and organelles

y

Front 2

organelle

Back 2

small bodies found in the cytoplasm of the cell and perform specific functions

Front 3

nucleus

Back 3

powerhouse and compartment where DNA is stored.

Front 4

flagellum

Back 4

long, threadlike structures to help cell move in its environment

Front 5

Golgi apparatus

Back 5

organelle that helps package materials to be transported outside cell

Front 6

chloroplast

Back 6

organelle that uses light energy to make sugar in plants

Front 7

chloroplast

Back 7

organelle that uses light energy to make sugar in plants

Front 8

Rough ER

Back 8

protein is made here it is rough because of ribosomes

Front 9

Mitochondria

Back 9

organelle that uses energy from organic compounds to make ATP (or energy) it is the powerhouse

Front 10

cell wall

Back 10

protection that covers the membrane

Front 11

vacuole

Back 11

fluid filled vesicles found in the cytoplasm of plant cells

Front 12

ribosomes

Back 12

makes proteins that help speed up chemical reactions in cell communication

Front 13

lysosome

Back 13

Store digestive enzymes prevent enzymes from destroying the cell

Front 14

cell membrane

Back 14

cells outer boundary barrier to outside environment and inside of self

Front 15

Smooth ER

Back 15

endoplasmic reticulum with no attached ribosomes

Front 16

what are the cellular components of a prokaryotic cell?

Back 16

cell wall, microvilli, pilus, flagella, no nucleus, bacteria, smaller in size, fewer organelles

Front 17

what are the four molecules of life?

Back 17

nucleic acid, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins

Front 18

what are the four molecules of life?

Back 18

nucleic acid, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins

Front 19

what is formed in the nucleus?

Back 19

DNA

Front 20

what do ribosomes produce?

Back 20

proteins

Front 21

what do ribosomes produce?

Back 21

proteins

Front 22

what is occurs in chloroplasts?

Back 22

photosynthesis

Front 23

what is the mitochondrion?

Back 23

cells powerhouse

Front 24

describe the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane & what is its function?

Back 24

to protect the nucleus and it is made of phospholipids

Front 25

what are the characters of the nucleus and what is its function?

Back 25

it is round in shape in stores genetic information

Front 26

describe the characteristics of water and why is it important to all living things?

Back 26

it is necessary for life and the most important inorganic cell

Front 27

what are the building blocks of cell membranes?

Back 27

phospholipids proteins in cholesterol

Front 28

what are the building blocks of cell membranes?

Back 28

phospholipids proteins in cholesterol

Front 29

how many stages are there of mitosis?

Back 29

4

Front 30

what does mitosis result in?

Back 30

two identical daughter nuclei

Front 31

what type of cell does mitosis occur in?

Back 31

somatic (body) cell

Front 32

what's the purpose of interphase?

Back 32

he prepares the cell for division produces organelles proteins in membranes

Front 33

what's the purpose of interphase?

Back 33

he prepares the cell for division produces organelles proteins in membranes

Front 34

what's the definition of passive transport

Back 34

high concentration to low concentration

Front 35

what's the purpose of interphase?

Back 35

he prepares the cell for division produces organelles proteins in membranes

Front 36

what's the definition of passive transport

Back 36

high concentration to low concentration

Front 37

what's the definition of active transport?

Back 37

Low concentration to high concentration

Front 38

what is osmosis?

Back 38

movement of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration across a semi permeable membrane no energy required

Front 39

what is osmosis?

Back 39

movement of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration across a semi permeable membrane no energy required

Front 40

what is diffusion?

Back 40

movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

Front 41

what are the three cellular components shared by prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Back 41

cytoplasm, plasma membrane, ribosomes

Front 42

what happens in cytokinesis?

Back 42

A cleavage Furrough forms and range of actin pinches the cell to divide it

Front 43

what happens in cytokinesis?

Back 43

A cleavage Furrough forms and range of actin pinches the cell to divide it

Front 44

give an example of a prokaryotic cell

Back 44

bacteria

Front 45

give examples of a eukaryotic cell

Back 45

plant disease and animal

Front 46

give examples of a eukaryotic cell

Back 46

plant disease and animal

Front 47

describe the stages of mitosis

Back 47

in metaphase the chromosomes align in the middle and prepare for division second is prophase when fibers extend from centromeres and kenetichores are visible third is anaphase where the sister chromatids separate fourth is telling phase where the spindle fibers disperse and chromatids are found at opposite poles

Front 48

what is isotonic solution and how does it affect the cell

Back 48

isotonic is when the amount of solute inside the cell is the same as those outside the cell and the cell is a normal size

Front 49

what is isotonic solution and how does it affect the cell

Back 49

isotonic is when the amount of solute inside the cell is the same as those outside the cell and the cell is a normal size

Front 50

describe hypotonic solution and what it does to a cell

Back 50

hypotonic is when there are fewer solutes in solution outside the cell then inside the cell and it causes the cell to swell and burst

Front 51

what does a hypertonic solution do to a cell?

Back 51

cause the cell to shrink

Front 52

what is isotonic solution and how does it affect the cell

Back 52

isotonic is when the amount of solute inside the cell is the same as those outside the cell and the cell is a normal size

Front 53

describe hypotonic solution and what it does to a cell

Back 53

hypotonic is when there are fewer solutes in solution outside the cell then inside the cell and it causes the cell to swell and burst

Front 54

what does a hypertonic solution do to a cell?

Back 54

cause the cell to shrink

Front 55

compare and contrast a plant and animal cell

Back 55

plant cells have a cell wall a large vacuole chloroplasts and flagella only in some..

animal cells have no cell wall, there are small, no chloroplasts, have flagella

both have a mitochondria, golgi apparatus, rough and smooth ER, nucleus, cytoplasm, and ribosomes

Front 56

compare and contrast eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

Back 56

EUKARYOTIC :

has a nucleus, cell membrane to hold organelles, they are complex, and have a cytoskeleton.

BOTH:

have cytoplasm and DNA

PROKARYOTIC: have no nucleus, no membrane-bound organelle's, and no cytoskeleton