Biology Unit 3 Study Guide

Front 1

what are phospholipid molecules

Back 1

lipid molecules that are aligned in two layers

Front 2

describe head and tail

Back 2

head: polar and hydrophilic (likes water)

tail: non polar and hydrophobic (doesn't like water

Front 3

where are intergral proteins located

Back 3

embedded in the bilayer

Front 4

are peripheral proteins embedded in the bilayer?

Back 4

no

Front 5

What do proteins do?

Back 5

-transport molecules

-act as enzymes

-receptors that receive messages - signal transduction

-maintain cell structure (attached to cytoskeleten)

-used in cell to cell recognition

-used in intercellular joining (skin cells)

Front 6

WHat do carbohydrates do?

Back 6

-attached to proteins facing outside the cell

-act as identification markers for other cells

Front 7

The cell membrane is _________ bc some substances can pass through while others cannot

Back 7

selectively permeable

Back 8

study that

Front 9

passive transport definition

Back 9

movement of molecules without the use of energy

Front 10

diffusion definition

Back 10

movement of molecules from a high area of concentration to a low area of concentration or down the concentration gradient

Front 11

WHat molecules diffuse easily through the membrane?

Back 11

-Gases (oxygen, carbon dioxide)

-small nonpolar molecules

Front 12

What happens after molecule are diffused across the membrane?

Back 12

equilibrium is reached

Front 13

facilitated diffusion definition

Back 13

process in which molecules move from high to low concentration through a protein

Front 14

WHat kind of molecules move through the membrane with facilitated diffusion?

Back 14

ions and larger molecules like glucos

Front 15

Is energy required in facilitated diffusion?

Back 15

no

Front 16

Osmosis definition

Back 16

the diffusion of water through a membrane

Front 17

Is osmosis a type of facilitated diffusion?

Back 17

yes

Front 18

What is aquaporins?

Back 18

water traveling through proteins

Front 19

In osmosis, water moves to where there is a higher concentration of ______

Back 19

solute

Front 20

Isotonic definition

Back 20

the same concentration of solute in two solutions

Front 21

Hypertonic definition

Back 21

has a higher concentration of solute compared to another solution

Front 22

hypotonic

Back 22

has a lower concentration of solute compared to another solution

Front 23

active transport definitoon

Back 23

movement of molecules against a gradient with the use of energy

Front 24

protein pumps

Back 24

proteins that pump ions across a cell membrane

Front 25

sodium potassium pumps

Back 25

protein pump that moves 3Na+ out of the cell and 2K+ into the cell

Front 26

Nerve impulse

Back 26

example of membrane proteins in action

Front 27

What does Bulk Transport use?

Back 27

ATP energy

Front 28

endocytosis

Back 28

taking the material into the cell by infoldings of the membrane that form vesicles

Front 29

Phagocytosis

Back 29

taking in large food particles or whole cells (white blood cells)

Front 30

pinocytosis

Back 30

taking in liquid droplets

Front 31

exocytosis

Back 31

when cells release a large amount of materials with the use of a vesicle

Front 32

endo vs exo diagram

Front 33

cell membrane diagram

Front 34

sodium potassium pumps diagram

Front 35

different types of solutions diagram

Front 36

facilitated diffusion diagram