Apologia Biology Module 3 Study Guide

Front 1

STUDY FIGURE 3.1

Back 1

STUDY FIGURE 3.1

Front 2

Which of the genera contain organisms with chloroplasts?

Back 2

EUGLENA & SPIROGYRA - they use chlorophyll for photosynthesis and so therefore have chloroplasts.

Front 3

What is the function of a CONTRACTILE VACUOLE?

Back 3

collects excess water in a cell and releases it into the surroundings to reduce the pressure inside the cell. This keeps the cell from exploding

Front 4

What is the difference between a CONTRACTILE VACUOLE and a FOOD VACUOLE?

Back 4

The FOOD VACUOLE stores food while it is being digested and has nothing to do with excess water or pressure.

Front 5

The AMOEBA and EUGLENA each have different means of locomotion. How are they different? How are they similar?

Back 5

AMOEBA - uses PSEUDOPODS which it creates by deforming its body.

EUGLENA - uses flagellum

SIMILARITIES - When it wants to move more quickly, the EUGLENA deforms its body in an almost earthworm-type motion.

Front 6

What is the difference between ENDOPLASM and ECTOPLASM?

Back 6

ENDOPLASM - thick - found in the central region of the cell

ECTOPLASM - thin and watery - found near the plasma membrance.

Front 7

Name at least three pathogenic organisms from kingdom PROTISTA:

Back 7

ENTAMOEBA HISTOLYTICA
TRYANOSOMA
BALANTIDIUM COLI
PLASMODIUM
TOXOPLASMA

Front 8

List the means of locomotion employed by:
SARCODINA

Back 8

PSEUDOPODS

Front 9

List the means of locomotion employed by:
MASTIGOPHORA

Back 9

flagella

Front 10

List the means of locomotion employed by:
CILIOPHORA

Back 10

cilia

Front 11

What are the main features that separate organisms into phylum SPOROZOA?

Back 11

these organisms form spores as a natural part of their life cycle and have no real means of locomotion

Front 12

Trichonymphia is an example of what?

A tapeworm is an example of what?

Back 12

MUTUALISM

PARASITISM

Front 13

Why do the ciliates have two nuclei (plural of nucleus)? What is the purpose of each?

Back 13

Cilitates require so much energy that they must have two.
1. devoted solely to metabolism
2. controls reproduction

Front 14

What is the difference between the conjugation that occurs between paramecia and the conjugation that occurs between bacteria?

Back 14

PARAMECIA - a mutual exchange of DNA - so each paramecium gets a new DNA during conjugation.
BACTERIA - only one bacterium gets a new DNA during conjugation

Front 15

Two microorganism groups are studied. In the first group, the organisms form hard shells around themselves when exposed to life-threatening conditions. If not exposed to those conditions, however, these organisms never form hard shells. The second group form hard shells around themselves as a natural part of their life cycle. What group would be classified as coming from phylum SPOROZOA?

Back 15

the second group produced spores, making them a part of phylum SPOROZOA.

Front 16

What is unique about the way a EUGLENA obtains food?

Back 16

a euglena can either live on the dead remains of other organisms or it can produce its own food by photosynthesis.

Front 17

Which phylum contains the organisms responsible for most of the photosynthesis that occurs on earht? What generic term is used to refer to these organisms?

Back 17

Phylum CHRYSOPHYTA contains the diatoms (which are responsible for most of the world's photosynthesis)

Front 18

What are large deposits of diatom remains called? List two uses of these deposits.

Back 18

these deposits are called DIATOMACEOUS eather and are used as ABRASIVES and FILTERS

Front 19

What is a RED TIDE?

Back 19

an algae bloom of dinoflagellates

Front 20

What two phyla principally contain macroscopic algae?

Back 20

PHAEOPHYTA and RHODOPHYTA

Front 21

What substance produced by members of phylum PHAEOPHYTA is useful for thickening ice cream, pudding, salad dressing, and jelly beans?

Back 21

ALGINIC ACID - or just ALGIN

Front 22

For the following cards - give the main function of each of the organelles & one phylum that has organisms which possess the organelle

Back 22

XXXX

Front 23

FOOD VACUOLE

Back 23

purpose - store food
SARCODINA, MASTIGOPHORA, CILIOPHORA

Front 24

CONTRACTILE VACUOLE

Back 24

purpose - remove excess water, reducing pressure
SARCODINA, MASTIGOPHORA, CILIOPHORA

Front 25

FLAGELLUM

Back 25

purpose - locomotion
MASTIGOPHORA
PYRROPHYTA

Front 26

PELLICLE

Back 26

purpose - retains cell shape
MASTIGOPHORA, CILIOPHORA

Front 27

Chloroplast

Back 27

purpose - stores chlorophyll
CHLOROPHYTA
MASTIGOPHORA

Front 28

EYESPOT

Back 28

purpose - detects light
MASTIGOPHORA

Front 29

CILIA

Back 29

purpose - locomotion
CILIOPHORA

Front 30

NUCLEUS

Back 30

purpose - contains DNA
all phyla in PROTISTA

Front 31

ORAL GROOVE

Back 31

purpose - food intake and conjugation
CILIOPHORA