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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cell Membrane |
Osmosis takes place here. It is the gateway of the cell. It has lipids. It is semi-permeable and surrounds the cytoplasm. |
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Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes |
Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms and do not have a nucleus. Eukaryotes are multi-celled organisms and have a nucleus. Eukaryotes have more than one chromosome. Prokaryotes do not. Prokaryotes- bacteria. Eukaryotes- animal/plant. Eukaryotes have a golgi apparatus. |
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Function of the nucleus |
Regulates all cell activity. Controls the cell. |
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Plant cells vs Animal cells |
Plant cells have a cell wall. Animal cells do not. Animal cells structure is round, Plant cells structure is rectangular. Plant cells have chloroplast. Animal cells have one or more small vacuoles. Plant cells have one big vacuole. |
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Diffusion vs Osmosis |
Diffusion has movement from high concentration to low concentration. Osmosis has movement from low concentration to high concentration. Osmosis is net movement and has water molecules |
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Hypotonic |
lower osmotic pressure |
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Hypertonic |
Higher osmotic pressure |
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Isotonic |
Equal osmotic pressure |
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What does ATP store and how? |
ATP stores energy between the second and third phosphate. When the third phosphate is removed from ATP, it is attached to another molecule. The stored energy in the ATP is now transferred to this molecule. |
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Photosynthesis formula |
6CO2 + 6H2O ------> C6H12O6 + 6O2 |
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Cellular respiration formula |
C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O + energy |
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Light-dependent reactions |
They are reactions that need light. They are in photosynthesis. They take place on the thylakoid. |
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Calvin cycle or Light independent reactions |
Doesn't need light to work. In photosynthesis. Occurs in the stroma. |
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Products of Calvin Cycle |
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate and 3-phosphoglycerate |
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glycolysis |
In the cytoplasm. Reactants are glucose and 2 ATP. Products are 2 pyruvate, 2 NET ATP, and 2 NADH |
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Kreb's Cycle |
Location is in the matrix of the mitochondria. Reactants are 2 molecules of pyruvate. Products are 4 ATP (including 2 from glycolysis), 10 NADH (including 2 from glycolysis), and 2 FADH2. |
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Types of fermentation |
Alcoholic and lactic acid. Lactic acid is when muscles are sore. Body uses lactic acid for energy. Used to make yogurt. Alcoholic is making alcohol. makes bread rise. yeast releases carbon dioxide. |
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Mitochondria |
Powerhouse of the cell. |
