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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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chunking
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Combining individual items until larger units of meaning
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context-dependent memory
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The phenomenon that it is typically easier to remember something in the same environment in which it was originally learned or experience.
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dementia
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The gradual loss of cognitive abilities that accompanies brain deterioration and interferes with normal functioning.
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elaborative rehearsal
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Focusing on the meaning of information or relating it to other things we already know.
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encoding
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Getting information into the memory system by translating it into a neural code that the brain processes and stores.
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encoding specificity principle
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States that memory is enhanced when conditions present during retrieval match those that were present during encoding.
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episodic memory
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Our store of factual knowledge concerning personal experiences - when,where and what happens in the episodes of our lives.
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explicit memory
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Conscious or intentional memory retrieval
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flashbulb memory
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Recollections that seem so vivid and clear that we can picture them as if they were snapshots of moments in time.
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implicit memory
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Occurs when memory influences our behavior without conscious awareness
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infantile amnesia
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An inability to remember personal experiences from the first few years of our lives.
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levels of processing
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The concept that the more deeply we process information, the better it will be remembered.
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long-term memory
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Our vast library of more durable stored memories
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maintenance rehearsal
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The simple rote repetition of information.
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memory
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The processes that allow us to record, store and later retrieve experiences and information.
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memory consolidation
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The creation and binding together of neural codes that allow information to be transferred from working memory into long-term memory.
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mood-congruent recall
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The tendency to recall information or events that are congruent with our current mood.
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repression
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The basic defense mechanism that actively keeps anxiety -arousing material in the unconscious.
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retrieval
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The process of accessing information in long-term memory.
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schema
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A mental framework; an organized pattern of thought about some aspect of the world, such as a class of people, events situations or objects.
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sensory memory
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Memory processes that retain incoming sensory information just long enough for it to be recognized.
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short-term memory
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A memory store that temporarily holds a limited amount of information
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source confusion
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The tendency to recall something or recognize it as familiar but to forget where it was encountered.
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state-dependent memory
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The enhanced ability to retrieve information when our internal state at the time of retrieval matches our original state during learning.
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storage
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The retention of information in memory over time.
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working memory
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A mental workspace that temporarily stores information actively processes it and supports other cognitive functions.
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