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135 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What merchants controlled the overland routes to Asia?
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Muslim
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What monarch sponsored Columbus' first expedition?
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Isabella
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During the 16th century which country dominated exploration of the New World?
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Spain
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The defeat of the Spanish Armada was did not
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bring an end to the power of the Roman Catholic Church in Europe
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The first permanent English settlement in the New World
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Jamestown
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Important river discovered by Hernando de Soto
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Mississippi River
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Title given to daring Spanish soldiers/explorers
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conquistadors
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The London and Plymouth Companies wanted to colonize which territory?
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Virginia
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What early English colony was assisted by the Indian princess Pocahontas?
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Jamestown
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In what type of company did investors share profits from colonies without sharing liabilities?
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Joint-stock
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Indian chief who threatened Jamestown
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Powhatan
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Indian princess who brought peace to Jamestown
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Pocohontas
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Made a vain search for the Seven Cities of Cibola
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Coronado
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Spainard who journeyed throughout the southeastern U.S.
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de Soto
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Spanish explorer who conquered the Aztecs
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Cortez
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Sponsored two vain attempts to establish colonies to Roanoke Island
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Raleigh
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"pioneer" of the Protestant Reformation
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Martin Luther
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Which captain helped Jamestown to survive?
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John Smith
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Circumnavigation of the globe
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Magellan
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Discovered Newfoundland for the English
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Cabot
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English ruler who approved the colonization of North America
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Elizabeth I
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Powerful Spanish ruler
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Philip II
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Realized the discovery of a new continent
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Vespucci
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The explorer who journeyed to China during the rule of Kublai Khan
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Marco Polo
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The "sea dog" who attacked Spanish ships in the New World
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Drake
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Aztec emperor
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Montezuma
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First European to sail to India
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Vasco da Gama
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First modern European to reach the Western Hemisphere
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Columbus
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First to round the southern cape of Africa
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Dias
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Primary motivation for settlement of Massachusetts
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Religious freedom
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Why did the Pilgrims' leave Holland
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Dutch culture was harming their children
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First European to explore Florida
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de Leon
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Puritan attitude toward the Anglican church
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Stay in the church and improve it
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Major reason for the quick growth of Massachusetts
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Great Migration
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House of Burgesses
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First self-governing assembly in America
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Colony set up as a refuge for Catholics
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Maryland
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One purpose for the settlement of Georgia was to...
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Protect the colonies from Spain
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In what colony did the Quakers undertake a "Holy Experiment"
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Pennsylvania
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agreement between God and His people
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Covenant
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belief stated that obedience is not necessary for a proper relationship to God
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Antinomianism
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colony controlled directly by the king
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royal colony
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colony governed by appointees of the king
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proprietary
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contract that gave land to a colonist in exchange for labor
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indenture
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fifty acres of land received by colonists in Virginia
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headrights
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fifty thousand settlers who came to the New World in the 1630s
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Great Migration
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What Quaker undertook the "Holy Experiment"?
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Penn
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The first document of self-government in American
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Mayflower Compact
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First written constitution in America
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Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
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Who was expelled from Massachusetts for antinomianism?
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Hutchinson
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Who was the Dutch Governor who purchased Manhattan Island for $24?
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Minuit
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Who was a proprietor of the southern Carolina settlement?
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Ashley-Cooper
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Dutch governor of New Netherland who surrendered to the English
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Stuyvesant
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First governor of Maryland
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Calvert
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Reforming governor of Georgia
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Oglethorpe
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two largest non-English groups in America
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Scotch-Irish
German |
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Main reason Scotch-Irish and Germans came to America
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Escape religious persecution
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Who were the Pennsylvania Dutch?
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German immigrants who settled in Pennsylvania
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Why did American women in America marry earlier than women in Europe?
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There were more men than women.
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Why were epidemics more common in the 18th century colonies?
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Crowded cities helped to spread diseases
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Why did the Puritans emphasize education?
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Study the Bible
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Why did education in the Middle Colonies and the South lag behind New England?
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The population was scattered in rural areas.
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What new technique did Cotton Mather use against smallpox?
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Vaccine
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What city established the first public library in America?
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Charleston SC
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A paddle-shaped board for reading
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hornbook
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style of colonial architecture
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Williamsburg
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best access to the backcountry
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Great Philadelphia Wagon Road
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colonial newspaper
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New England Courant
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settlers from German areas
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Pennsylvania Dutch
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settlers from Ulster
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Scotch-Irish
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standard text in the colonial period
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New England Primer
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Written by Benjamin Franklin
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Poor Richard's Almanack
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What was the main difference between the Congregationalists and the Baptists?
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polity
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Huguenots
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came from France
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Most influential religious movement in colonial America
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Puritanism
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What group became the Congregationalists?
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Puritans
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Catechism
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Summary of doctrine in question-and-answer form
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First book published in America
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Bay Psalm Book
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What were the "Old Lights"?
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Presbyterians who opposed the extremes of revival
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What 2 denominations grew the most as the a result of the Great Awakening?
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Presbyterians & Baptists
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Sect centered in Pennsylvania
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Quakers
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Conservative branch of the Mennonites that practiced strict church discipline
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Amish
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Baptist of children of unconverted parents
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Half-way covenant
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Believed in the guidance by "inner lights"
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Quakers
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Believed that believers should leave the Church of England altogether
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Separatists
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complete political independence of each church
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congregationalist polity
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Desired to remove old ceremonies from the Church of England
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Puritans
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Doctrinally sound group that wanted to keep the old ceremonies of the Church of England
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Low Church Anglicans
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Group that believed that the traditions of the Church of England were divinely ordained
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High Church Anglicans
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Practiced baptism by immersion of professing believers only
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Baptist
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Rule by bishops who appointed lower officials
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Episcopal polity
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Rule by elders elected from among the people, who in turn elect higher officials
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Presbyterian polity
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"Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God"
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Jonathan Edwards
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Anglican promoter of missions
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Thomas Bray
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Baptist worker in the South during the Great Awakening
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Gilbert Tennent
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Colonial Baptist leader
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Roger Williams
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Dutch Reformed pastor who helped start the Great Awakening
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Theodore Frelinghuysen
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Father of American Lutheranism
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Henry Muhlenberg
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Father of American Presbyterianism
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Francis Makemie
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Founder of the Quakers
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George Fox
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Minister to Algonquin Indians
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John Eliot
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Missionary to the Indians who wrote an inspirational journal
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David Brainerd
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Moravian mission at Gnadenhutten
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David Zeisberger
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Outstanding British evangelist during the Great Awakening
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George Whitefield
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Presbyterian graduate of the Log College who aided the Great Awakening
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Shubal Stearns
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Presbyterian minister who helped bring revival to Virginia
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Samuel Davies
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William & Mary college
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James Blair
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What geographic feature was at the heart of the Louisiana Territory?
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Mississippi River
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Why did the Iroquois ally with the British?
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The Iroquouis' enemy hadjoined the French.
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What event sparked the French and Indian War?
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George Washington clashed with the French near the Ohio River
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What advantage did the French have over the British during this war?
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Stronger Indian allies
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What was Britain's chief disadvantage during the French and Indian War?
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Lack of colonial unity
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Why was Franklin's Albany Plan a failure?
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The colonists feared centralized government.
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The key campaign of the French and Indian War was the capture of ___________.
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Quebec
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Why was the Battle of the Plains of Abraham important?
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The British captured the French Canadian capital.
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Peace treaty that ended the French and Indian War
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Treaty of Paris
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One of the major reasons that the colonists were taxed after the French and Indian War was that the British
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needed to pay for the war
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The first successful example of colonial unity was was the _______________ Congress?
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Stamp Congress
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What did the French call the territory they claimed along the Mississippi River?
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Louisiana
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What important fort did the French build on the Ohio River at the beginning of the French & Indian War?
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Fort Duquesne
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What colonial Congress attempted unsuccessfully to unite the colonies during the French and Indian War?
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Albany Congress
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During what incident were five colonists killed by British soldiers?
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Boston Massacre
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French trapper who explored the upper Mississippi River
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Louis Joliet
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British minister who attempted to collect new taxes from the colonists
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George Grenville
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Proposal to unite the colonies against France
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Benjamin Franklin
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Orator from Virginia who opposed British tyranny
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Patrick Henry
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Leader of the Sons of Liberty
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Samuel Adams
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Author of Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania to the Inhabitants of the British Colonies
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John Dickinson
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British commander who was badly defeated by French forces
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Edward Braddock
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British king who antagonized the colonists
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George III
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French priest who explored the upper Mississippi River
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Jacques Marquette
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Frenchman who explored the entire length of the Mississippi River
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La Salle
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Indian chief who confederacy devastated the frontier
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Pontiac
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Resourceful French commander during King William's War
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Comte de Frontenac
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Talented British general who died capturing Quebec
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James Wolfe
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Talented French leader during the French and Indian War
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Marquis de Montcalm
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