Updated Bio Midterm

Front 1

The cell theory states:

Back 1

1) all living things are composed of cells
2) cells are the basic units of living things
3)all cells come from preexisting cells

Front 2

Cells are divided into:

Back 2

prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Front 3

Diffusion is the process by which:

Back 3

molecules move from high concentration to low

Front 4

Active transport requires:

Back 4

energy and enables movement against a gradient

Front 5

Ecology studies:

Back 5

the interactions of organisms with each other and their physical surroundings

Front 6

The biosphere is where:

Back 6

all life lives and includes biotic and abiotic factors

Front 7

Ecological succession is when:

Back 7

one community is gradually replaced by another

Front 8

A biome has a characteristic:

Back 8

climax community

Front 9

Producers make their own:

Back 9

food

Front 10

Decomposers break down:

Back 10

organic material and return it to the environment.

Front 11

Water, nitrogen, carbon, and oxygen are recycled through:

Back 11

biogeochemical cycles

Front 12

Networks of feeding relationships called _____ are connected in _____

Back 12

food chains, food webs

Front 13

A population is a group of:

Back 13

organisms that belong to the same species, live in the same area and can interbreed with eachother

Front 14

Under ideal conditions, populations show:

Back 14

exponential growth

Front 15

Most populations show:

Back 15

logistic growth curves

Front 16

A population usually achieves a steady state when it reaches its:

Back 16

carrying capacity

Front 17

Density-dependent limiting factors include:

Back 17

predation, competition, parasitism, and crowding.

Front 18

Density-independent limiting factors include:

Back 18

climate, for example severe storms.

Front 19

A community consists of:

Back 19

all the populations of organisms living in an area.

Front 20

Symbiotic relationships include:

Back 20

parasitism, commensalism, and mutualism

Front 21

the observation and diversity of living things contributed to:

Back 21

Darwin's theory

Front 22

fitness is a combination of:

Back 22

physical traits & behaviors (adaptations) that help organisms survive

Front 23

we use the decay of radioactive elements for:

Back 23

dating fossils and rocks.

Front 24

dating techniques have shown the Earth to be _____ years old

Back 24

4.6 billion

Front 25

Fossils are preserved in ____ rocks

Back 25

sedimentary

Front 26

Similarities in the structure and development of embros provide evidence of:

Back 26

a common ancestor.

Front 27

Homologous structures drive from:

Back 27

a common origin.

Front 28

Vestigial structures have:

Back 28

little or no present day function.

Front 29

The biochemistries of living organisms support the theory of:

Back 29

a common ancestor.

Front 30

Lamarck thought that organisms respond to the needs of their environment and pass on:

Back 30

acquired characteristics to their offspring.

Front 31

In Natural Selection, only the organisms with the:

Back 31

characteristics best suited for the environment survive and reproduce.

Front 32

Gene mutations and gene recombinations provide the:

Back 32

variations upon which natural selection acts.

Front 33

Evolution is a change in the:

Back 33

relative frequency of an allele in the gene pool of a population.

Front 34

A nich is the combination of an organisms "profession" and the place in which it lives. If two species occupy the same niche in the same location at the same time, they will compete for:

Back 34

food and space.

Front 35

In adaptive radiation:

Back 35

one species gives rise to many new species.

Front 36

Genetic drift, a random change in the frequency of a gene, occurs most efficiently in:

Back 36

small populations.

Front 37

The theory of __________ states that there are long periods of stability punctuated by brief periods of rapid change.

Back 37

punctuated equilibrium.

Front 38

A mixture is a substance composed of:

Back 38

two or more compounds mixed together but not chemically combined.

Front 39

A solution consists of:

Back 39

a solvent and a solute.

Front 40

Compounds that release hydroxyls in are ____. Those that release hydroxides are ____.

Back 40

acids, bases.

Front 41

The four most abundant elements in living things are:

Back 41

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.

Front 42

Polymerization is the process in which:

Back 42

polymers are made by joining monomers.

Front 43

The four groups of organic compounds found in living things are:

Back 43

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids.

Front 44

The polymerization of two monosaccharides to form a disaccharide occurs as a result of ____. _____ is the reverse action.

Back 44

Dehydration synthesis, hydrolysis

Front 45

Lipids are important sources of ____ and ____ of biological membranes.

Back 45

Energy, compounds

Front 46

Proteins are polymers of ______

Back 46

Amino Acids.

Front 47

Enzymes are, with a few exceptions, ____.

Back 47

proteins

Front 48

Enzymes are ____

Back 48

Catalysts.

Front 49

Nucleic acids are polymers of _____

Back 49

nucleotides.