Unit 4 Apes Vocab

Front 1

agricultural revolution

Back 1

n agricultural revolution or agrarianrevolution is a period of transition from the pre-agricultural period characterized by a Paleolithic diet, into an agricultural period characterized by a diet of cultivated foods

Front 2

aquaculture

Back 2

the farming of aquatic organisms such as fish, crustaceans, molluscs and aquatic plants.

Front 3

biological control

Back 3

the control of a pest by the introduction of a natural enemy or predator.

Front 4

blast fishing

Back 4

Blast fishing or dynamite fishing is the practice of using explosives to stun or kill schools of fish for easy collection

Front 5

broad spectrum pesticide

Back 5

Broad spectrum pesticides will kill insects indiscriminately, without regard to the species. 

Front 6

bycatch

Back 6

 is a fish or other marine species that is caught unintentionally while catching certain target species and target sizes of fish, crabs etc

Front 7

clear cutting

Back 7

cut down and remove every tree from (an area).

Front 8

contour farming

Back 8

is thefarming practice of ploughing and/or planting across a slope following its elevation contour lines

Front 9

cyanide fishing

Back 9

Cyanide fishing is a method of collecting live fish mainly for use in aquariums, which involves spraying a sodium cyanide mixture into the desired fish's habitat in order to stun the fish

Front 10

dead zone

Back 10

devoid of oxygen, oceans

Front 11

desertification

Back 11

a type of land degradation in which a relatively dry land region becomes increasingly arid, typically losing its bodies of water as well as vegetation and wildlife

Front 12

gangue

Back 12

 the commercially worthless material that surrounds, or is closely mixed with, a wanted mineral in an ore deposit.

Front 13

gill net fishing

Back 13

a commonfishing method used by commercial and artisanalfishermen of all the oceans and in some freshwater and estuary areas. “Gill nets are vertical panels of netting normally set in a straight line.

Front 14

GMO

Back 14

an organism whose genome has been altered by the techniques of genetic engineering so that its DNA contains one or more genes not normally found there. 

Front 15

green revolution

Back 15

a series of research, and development, and technology transfer initiatives, occurring between the 1940s and the late 1960s, that increased agricultural production worldwide

Front 16

leaching

Back 16

Natural process by which water soluble substances (such as calcium, fertilizers,pesticides) are washed out from soil or wastes

Front 17

long line fishing

Back 17

uses a long line, called the main line, with baited hooks attached at intervals by means of branch lines called snoods 

Front 18

methyl mercury

Back 18

Methylmercury is an organometallic cation with the formula [CH₃Hg]⁺. It is a bioaccumulative environmental toxicant

Front 19

narrow spectrum pesticide

Back 19

target only a specific type of insect or family of insects

Front 20

ore

Back 20

a naturally occurring solid material from which a metal or valuable mineral can be profitably extracted.

Front 21

pesticide tread mill

Back 21

a term indicating a situation in which it becomes necessary for a farmer to continue using pesticides regularly because they have become an indispensable part of an agricultural cycle.

Front 22

purse seine fishing

Back 22

a large seine, for use generally by two boats, that is drawn around a school of fish and then closed at the bottom by means of a line passing through rings attached along the lower edge of the net.

Front 23

smelting

Back 23

extract (metal) from its ore by a process involving heating and melting.

Front 24

soil salinization

Back 24

the process of increasing the salt content is known as salinization. Salt is a natural element of soils and water. Salination can be caused by natural processes such as mineral weathering or the gradual withdrawal of an ocean.

Front 25

strip mining

Back 25

a way of mining coal, iron, etc. that involves digging along the surface of the earth

Front 26

subsistence agriculture

Back 26

self-sufficiency farming in which the farmers focus on growing enough food to feed themselves and their families

Front 27

tailing

Back 27

the residue of something, especially ore.