Unit 2 Chapter 3 Lesson 1 Social Studies Pg 78

Front 1

a triangler shaped area at the mouth of some rivers

Back 1

delta

Front 2

a mixture of soil and small rocks

Back 2

silt

Front 3

a plant whose stems are used to make a kind of paper

Back 3

papyrus

Front 4

a waterfall

Back 4

cataract

Front 5

________________was an ideal place for civilizations to thrive in northeastern Africa.

Back 5

The Nile River Valley

Front 6

Since ancient times, life in Egypt has depended on _________.

Back 6

agriculture.

Front 7

The _________ is the longest river in the world.

Back 7

The Nile

Front 8

The Nile begins in____A_____and flows northward into ____B____.

Back 8

A. East Africa
B. Egypt

Front 9

In ancient Egypt, the Nile irrigated land that stretched about five miles on both sides of the river. This is where Egyptian _____A____ began, and ______B______ thrived

Back 9

A. civilization
B. agriculture

Front 10

The Nile flows to the ________.

Back 10

North

Front 11

The Nile overflowed because of heavy rains in East Africa. People living near the Nile, in places such as Memphis, planted seeds after the floods and harvested in late summer. They called this area _____________because the land was very fertile.

Back 11

“black land,”

Front 12

Not far from the banks of the Nile is dry, desert land, or what the Egyptians called _____________No crops could grow here.

Back 12

“red land.”

Front 13

__A_____ and ___B_____ were the most important crops in ancient Egypt.

Back 13

A. Wheat
B. Barley

Front 14

The Nile also was a means of __________ goods.

Back 14

Transporting

Front 15

The ___________ made it impossible to sail directly from the Nile Delta south to East Africa without taking a boat out of water and carrying it.

Back 15

cataracts

Front 16

the Egyptians built irrigation __________ to transport water to their crops.

Back 16

canals

Front 17

The Egyptians were _________, or believed in many gods,

Back 17

polytheistic

Front 18

The Egyptians main god, Amon-Ra, or Ra, was represented by the _______.

Back 18

sun

Front 19

The use of _______A_____and the _____B______helped the Egyptians solve their problems with the Nile.

Back 19

A. irrigation canals
B. calendar

Front 20

Pharaoh
• Ruled Egypt
• Built the Great Pyramid of Giza, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World

Back 20

Khufu
- reigned sometime between 2575 B.C. and 2465 B.C.
Birthplace: Memphis, Egypt

Front 21

Queen of Egypt
• Wore a fake beard to look like a pharaoh
• Built many temples throughout Egypt and Nubia
• Sent trade expeditions to Punt

Back 21

Queen Hatshepsut
- reigned c. 1498 B.C.– 1483 B.C.
Birthplace: Egypt

Front 22

Emperor
• First emperor of Mauryan dynasty
• Lived a life of luxury before becoming a monk

Back 22

Chandragupta
- reigned C. 320 B.C.– 297 B.C.
Birthplace: India

Front 23

Emperor
• Expanded and strengthened Mauryan Empire
• Became a Buddhist monk

Back 23

Ashoka
-reigned C. 265 B.C.– 238 B.C.
Birthplace: India

Front 24

Emperor
• First Chinese emperor
• Unified states of China into one empire
• Put a ban on books that opposed him

Back 24

Shi Huangdi
C. 259 B.C.–210 B.C.
Birthplace: Qin, China

Front 25

Emperor
• Chinese Emperor during the Han dynasty
• Built roads, increased trade, and started civil service exams
• Encouraged writing of the first complete Chinese history book

Back 25

Wu Di
c. 156 B.C.–87 B.C.
Birthplace: China

Front 26

Queen
• Led Kush into battle against the Romans
• Fought against taxes imposed on her people

Back 26

Amanirenas
reigned C. 30 B.C.– 18 B.C.
Birthplace: Kush

Front 27

Writer, scholar, historian
• Prominent historian during Han dynasty
• Helped write “The Book of Han”
• Wrote poems and essays for the empress

Back 27

Ban Zhao
C. A.D. 45– A.D. 115
Birthplace: Anling, China

Front 28

The Nile River was important to the ancient Egyptians because it provided ________.

Back 28

water

Front 29

The Egyptians kept track of the level of flooding by using a __________, which measured the level of the Nile as the water rose higher and higher.

Back 29

nilometer

Front 30

The Egyptians decided to keep track of when the Nile flooded. They watched the position of the sun in the sky during the day and Sirius, the brightest star in the sky, at night. After recording the number of days between floods, the Egyptians made a _________.

Back 30

calendar

Front 31

The calendar helped them keep track of when the Nile would flood. The Egyptians discovered that the flood season lasted about ________ __________.

Back 31

four months.

Front 32

Celebrating the annual flooding became part of the Egyptian way of life. This special time of the year was called __________.

Back 32

Inundation

Front 33

The desert, or what the ancient Egyptians called the _____ _______, covers more than 90 percent of Egypt.

Back 33

Red Land

Front 34

In ancient Egypt, the delta was located in ______ ______ , which lies to the north of Upper Egypt.

Back 34

Lower Egypt