Thas 104 Final Exam

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Adaptations

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strategies especially designed to accomodate a student's needs so he or she can achieve the learning outcomes of education

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ADHD

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psychiatric disorder

- inattention, hyperactivity, impulsive behaviour

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AC Augmented Communication

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- use of communication boards, pictures, symbols, drawigs, or combo of all for persons with severe speech and lang. disabilities

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Autism spectrum disorder

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Children with ASD do not follow typical dev. patterns

- reject interactions, act strangely, lose lang. social skills

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Assistive technology

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refers to any devices, equipment, or product used to increase, maintin, or improve functional capabilities of individuals

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Alternative keyboards

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for people who experience difficulty with conventional keyboard designs, fit specific needs

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Alternative pointing devices

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Trackballs are upside down mice, b all on top and several buttons

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Listening devices

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tiny pocketalker is portable amplifier can be used during one on one conversations, in small group, or when listening to the TV or radio. Can work with a hearing aid to reduce background noise, converts to telephone, vibrating watch

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Braille Embosser

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Hardware device for "printing" hardcopy of a text document in braille

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Closed circuit TV (CCTV)

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video magnification system consisting of a video screen interfaced with video camera

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Close captioning

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captions provided print version of speech

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Described video

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a narrator provides descriptons of actions on screen

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E-text readers

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these devices allow you to take print material and access it either through synthesized speech or in an audio format

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Electronic dictionaries

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chosen because they have speech output. used by both people with visual and learning disabilities

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external speech synthesizer

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hardware device used for speech output, used with screen readers or OCR scanning software programs for people who are blind or visually disabled.

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FM systems

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mic picks up sounds and transmits them as an FM radio signal

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Haptic interface

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device which allows a user to interact with a computer by receiving tactile feedback

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LD devices

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also available are variable speech control tape recorders, optical character recognition systems, listening aids, speech synthesis, etc

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Neural interface devices

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small electrical signals generated by users bodies control their computers or electrical devices attached to their computers

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Note Takers

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Alpha smart that can be used by all students. The Braille 'n speak combines speech with a standard perking-style keyboard. Have features such as calendars, scientific calculators, multilingual support, word processing, address book, etc.

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Personal organizers

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products have synthesized speech support: voice diary includes a calculator, appt calendar, memo pad, daily to do list, address book. Hand held

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Personal data assistants (PDAs)

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Portable computers that are desiged to act as organizers, note takers and/or communication devices. Due to small size, they often possess the latest and most compact user interfaces such as touch screens, hand writing recognition, or mini keyboards.

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Scanning devices

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The C-pen from C technologies is pen style scanner for windows based systems that has the ability to perform OCR functions like digital highlighting

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Screen magnifiers

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XVI terminal offers screen magnification and screen reading software with continuous magnification. Used by people with visual disabilities to access information on a computer screen. Software enlarges the info.

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traditional OCR equipment

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kurzwell 3000 does both auditory and visual presentation of sanned text and images. OPENbook turns computer system into scanning and reading machine

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Voice output communication aids

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electronic devices that generate printed and or spoken text. Aid individuals who are unable to use natural speech to meet all of their communication needs.

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Special ed. numbering codes for special funding

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codes are numbered categories of special needs that help school authorities identify and provide funding to those who require special education programming

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Communication disorders

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Speech and language disorders with problems in processing verbal communication and articulation. Range from simple sound substitution to inability to understand or use language

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Conduct disorder

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repeatedly violate the personal or property rights of others and the basic expectations of society. A diagnosis is likely when symptoms continue for 6 months or longer

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Digital repository of textbooks for students with learning disabilities

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one strategy for addressing needs of alberta students who have disabilities relating to accessing print materials

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Documentation

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record keeping is always an important part of practice of an EA/TA. records should be kept that relate directly to the goals or concerns in the students IEP. maintain accurate records of the students performance which are provided to the teacher

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Percentage

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refers to the number of successes compaired to the total number of opportunites. frequently used in scoring worksheets or exams

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Rate

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shows the ratio of the number of times a specific behaviour occurs wihtin a specific time period and the length of the time period. generally per hour or per minute.

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Duration

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Refers to how long a behaviour lasts. Duration is done by noting the beginning and ending times of a behaviour and then computing the length of time that the behaviour occurs.

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Interval

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Refers to whether or not a behaviour occurs within or at the end of a given period of time

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Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder

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medical diagnosis involving four key features: alcohol exposure, growth deficiency, facial features and brain damage.

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FOIP

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Freedom of Information and Protection of Privacy (FOIP) Act aims to strike a balance between the public's right to know and the individuals right to privacy.

- When confidentiality is violated: students and families can be hurt, trust lost, employees can lose jobs, schools sued or you could be named in law suit

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Fragile X syndrome

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diagnosed inherited condition caused by fragile or broken site on X chromosome resulting in mental and physical impairment

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Learning disability

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characterized by a wide discrepancy between a persons intelligence and his/her achievement.

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Modified program

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has learning outcomes which are significantly different from the provincial curriculum and are specifically elected to meet the student's special needs

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People first language

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a term that will encounter in your work as a teacher assistant. refers to the proper sequence of language when referring to persons with disabilities

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Promoting friendships

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inclusive classroom is an ideal place to promote acceptance of individual differences, practice social skills, instill essentil "etiquette" and value personal relationships. Look for opportunities to draw children together not apart. Modelling socialization

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Tourette's syndrome

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neurologial disorder characterized by tics: involuntary, rapid, sudden movements or vocalizations that occur repeatedly in the same way. Cause has not been established and as yet there is no cure.

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Sustained silent reading

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goal is to assist students in developing a life-long interest and enjoyment in reading a variety of material for different purposes. incorporate a daily sustained silent reading period, students and staff silently read books or materials of their own choosing.

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Zero tolerance for bullying

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When we respond quickly to bullying behaviours at school, we show others that it is not tolerated at any level

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The art of listening

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the key to recieving messages effectively is listening.

It requires a desire to understand another human being, an attitude of respect, and acceptance, and a willingness to open one's mind to try and see things from another's point of view

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nonverbal communication barriers

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- flashing or rolling eyes, quick or slow movements, arms crossed, gestures made with exasperation, slouching, poor personal care, doodling, staring at people or avoiding eye contact

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self disclosure

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means telling others things about ourselves that aren't commonly known, like our innermost feelings. As we do this more, others will become more open to us too.

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collaboration

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an art form, shaped by circumstances and colored by diversity.

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Tuckman's 5 keys to team development

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- forming

- storming

- norming

- performing

- mourning

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teamwork

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joint action by a group of people where each person subordinates his or her individual interests and opinions to the unity

"less me and more we"

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3 hardwired ancient responses

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1. fight

2. flee

3. play dead

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Why is conflict unpleasant for us?

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One of the main reasons is that most of us are not confident of our ability to successfully resolve disputes.

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How is conflict created

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occurs when one party decides that the way things are is not ok and seeks change, but that change is not agreed to by the other party. Can only take one party to declare a conflict

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Data conflicts

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Exist primarily over data or facts. most have data or factual solutions either through obtaining more info or through new data collection

ex. mom is convinced her daughter can read on grade level, tests say otherwise, mom says tests are invalid

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Relationship conflicts

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over a relationship or communication style.

- ex. father is upset and believes teacher is not following up enough on his child. states agreement to provide weekly feedback has not been kept. finally he feels teacher is condescending, not answering phone calls

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Values conflicts

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over values, where parties have percieved or actual incompatibilities in their belief systems.

ex. mom wants traditional wedding for her daughter but daughter wants modern and untraditional. does not value the classic traditions

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resources conflicts

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occur over real or perceived scarcity of resources

ex. parents want more expensive tech for daughters learning but school feels she can utilize existing tech at a much lower cost

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historical conflicts

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occasionally result from a history of slights or bad blood between parents and schools. Sometimes the core of them goes back to when the parents were students themselves.

ex.john (parent) has a hard time dealing with the school, especially when child is concerned. blames school for picking on child, and remembers his own negative experience

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Structural conflicts

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occur over how to deal with structural realities which exist outside the immediate world of parent/school but are having an impact on them

ex. vicki needs her mom at school sometimes because of medical issues. mom must work and cannot come to school when needed

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psychological conflicts

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caused or maintained by the psychological needs of humans: the desire for power, autonomy, recognition or love.

ex. Nora, newly employed arrives in her classroom to find her assigned assistant working at the teacher's desk. to her dismay she sees that the assistant looks old enough to be her mother and is highly experienced

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3 common responses to conflict

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- fighting

- avoiding

- acquiescing (gives in)

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7 fallacies in our interpretations of conflict

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- perfection

- approval

- should

- overgeneralization

- causation

- helplessness

- catastrophic expectations

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Unhelpful thinking habits

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mental filter (wearing gloomy specs), mind reading, predicting, compare and despair, criticizing, shoulds and musts, catastrophising, emotional reasoning, mountains and molehills, evaluations/judgements, black and white thinking, memories

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Misogi breathing technique

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Used for relaxation and stress reduction, japanese breathing method used for centuries.

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Soft Eye technique

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Soft eyes happen when we relax the muscles around our eyes and let ourselves see with our peripheral vision as well as with our central, focused vision. We take in everything but distracted by nothing. As our eyes see more our brains become more open to the diversity of possibilities that surround us. Also calms others around us and often ourselves too.

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parking lot technique

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The more people we bring together, the more issues arise. Usually many arise, so choose one and go with it.

- General rule is if something is not addressed now, it will always come back later.

- to keep track, use parking lot approach. Posted list of issues that can't be dealt with at the moment

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Helicopter technique

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Self: what am I reacting to? What does this situation mean to me?

Others: What would this look like to others involved?

Outsider: How would this seem to someone outside - not emotionally involved

Wise mind: what would be the best thing to do? for me, others, for this situation

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Who needs an IPP?

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- Alberta Ed requires an IPP for all 'funded' students - students with a significant learning challenges or gifted, who are allocated extra funding to enhance their programming

- young children in early childhood with learning challenges require IPP's.

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Steps of developing an ECS IPP

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1) identify areas of need/strength 2) set direction

3) create a plan 4) implement the plan 5) review, revise, report 6) plan for transition

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How do we gather data for IPP

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Action In recording - you record as you are working with the child

Action Out recording - another person records as you work with the child

Anecdotal - you record data after the fact

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Anecdotal records

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- provide information regarding a student's development over a period of time

- provide ongoing records about individual instructional needs

- capture observations of significant behaviours that might otherwise be lost

- provide ongoing documentation of learning -shared with students, parents and teachers.