Sociology Chapter 7

Front 1

deviance

Back 1

behavior that is recognized as violating expected rules and norms

Front 2

medicalization of deviance

Back 2

attributes deviant behavior to a "sick" state of mind

Front 3

Anomic suicide

Back 3

occurs when the disintegrating forces in the society make individuals feel lost or alone

Front 4

Altruistic suicide

Back 4

occurs when there is excessive regulation of individuals by social forces

Front 5

Egoistic suicide

Back 5

occurs when people feel totally detached from society

Front 6

structural strain theory

Back 6

traces the origins of deviance to the tensions caused by the gap between cultural goals and the means people have available to achieve those goals

Front 7

Social control theory

Back 7

a type of functionalist theory that suggests deviance occurs when a person's attachment to social bonds is weakened

Front 8

Elite deviance

Back 8

refers to the wrongdoing of wealthy and powerful individuals and organizations

Front 9

social control

Back 9

the process by which groups and individuals within those groups are brought into conformity with dominant social expectations

Front 10

social control agents

Back 10

those who regulate and administer the response to deviance, such as the police and mental health workers

Front 11

Differential association theory

Back 11

a type of symbolic interaction theory that interprets deviance, including criminal behavior, as behavior one learns through interaction with others

Front 12

Labeling theory

Back 12

a branch of symbolic interaction theory that interprets the responses of others as the most significant factor in understanding how deviant behavior is both created and sustained

Front 13

deviant identity

Back 13

the definition a person has of himself as a deviant

Front 14

deviant career

Back 14

the sequence of movements people make through a particular subculture of deviance

Front 15

deviant communities

Back 15

groups that are organized around particular forms of social deviance

Front 16

stigma

Back 16

attribute that is socially devalued or discredited

Front 17

master status

Back 17

a characteristic of a person that overrides all other features of the person's identity

Front 18

criminology

Back 18

the study of crime from a scientific perspective

Front 19

index crimes

Back 19

include the violent crimes of murder, manslaughter, rape, robbery, and aggravated assault, plus property crimes of burglary, larceny-theft, and motor vehicle theft.

Front 20

personal crimes

Back 20

violent or nonviolent crimes directed against people

Front 21

hate crimes

Back 21

assaults and other malicious acts motivated by various forms of social bias, including that based on race, religion, sexual orientation, ethnic/national origin, or disability

Front 22

property crimes

Back 22

theft of property without threat of bodily harm

Front 23

victimless crimes

Back 23

violate laws but are not listed in the FBI's serious crime index

Front 24

Ponzi scheme

Back 24

a con game whereby a central person collects money from a large number of people, including friends and relatives, and then promises to invest their dollars with a high rate of interest to them

Front 25

organized crime

Back 25

crime committed by structured groups typically involving the provision of illegal goods and services to others

Front 26

racial profiling

Back 26

the use of race alone as the criterion for deciding whether to stop and detain someone on suspicion of their having committed a crime

Front 27

bioterrorism

Back 27

the form of terrorism involving the dispersion of chemical or biological substances intended to cause widespread disease and death

Front 28

cyberterrorism

Back 28

the use of the computer to commit one or more terrorist acts