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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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STEREOTYPES |
Beliefsabout the characteristics, attributes, and behaviours of members of certaingroups |
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PREJUDICES |
Anattitude toward people based on their group membership |
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DISCRIMINATION |
Behaviourtoward people based on their group membership |
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Stereotypic Inaccuracy |
Overestimating (orunderestimating) the degree to which groups differ on a stereotype dimension;an exaggeration of group differences• e.g., "Men are WAY more aggressive than women" |
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Dispersion Inaccuracy |
Underestimating (or overestimating) the degree to which individuals are dispersed along a continuum; overgeneralization; underestimating variability • e.g., Men are aggressive |
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Valence inaccuracy |
Overestimating the evaluative difference between groups See larger group differences on dimensions favouring one’s own group • e.g., Canadians are A LOT more friendly compared to Americans See smaller group differences on dimensions favouring other groups • e.g., Compared to Canadians, Americans are slightly better at innovation |
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CognitiveTheory |
Stereotypes help us makesense in a complex world. Easier to think of allmembers of a group as the same rather than having to think of every person as acomplex individual. Stereotypes provide a framework forcomprehending complex information (but can have negative social consequences) |
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EvolutionaryTheory |
Human behaviour derivesfrom mechanisms to promote to transmission of one’s genesPeople evolved to besuspicious and fearful of strangers to protect themselves, their kin, and theircommunities (i.e., in-group members) Outsiders are viewed as threats. Caveats:The theory has flawsEvolutionary explanation for prejudice anddiscrimination do NOT make them excusable. |
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Primitive categories |
e.g., basic traits (race, gender, age) |
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IllusoryCorrelation |
erroneous inference about the relationship b-n 2 categories of events. People overestimate the frequency of co-occurrence of distinctiveevents. |
