Soci 325 - Feminist Perspectives

Front 1

Feminist perspectives share some themes with Marxist criminology, which ones?

Back 1

1) Power

2) Distribution of economic and social resources

3) Different social groups which has consequences for being labelled as victim or perpetrator

Front 2

Feminist's main perspective is?

Back 2

Patriarchy

Front 3

What are some of the other things feminists focus on

Back 3

1) Equal pay
2) Equal education and job opportunities
3) Contraception and abortion
4) National day care
5) End to discrimination against lesbians
6) End to patriarchy
7) Freedom from intimidation of violence

Front 4

Daly and Chesney-Lind's 5 key elements of femininism

Back 4

1) Gender is not a natural fact, it's a social, historial and cultural product
2) Gender orders much of social life
3) Gender constructs are not symmetrical
4) Systems of knowledge reflect men's views of the world
5) Feminism should place women at the centre of intellectual inquiry

Front 5

Liberal feminists focus on?

Back 5

Individualistism, concern for equal rights

Front 6

Marxist feminists focus on?

Back 6

The structural position of women and women's domestic labour

Front 7

Radical feminists focus on?

Back 7

Essentialism; suggest that all women are oppressed.

"the personal is political"

Front 8

Social feminists focus on?

Back 8

The exploitation and oppression of women within the framework of capitalism

Front 9

Cultural feminists focus on?

Back 9

Essentialism; women have generated a unique culture

Front 10

Standpoint feminists focus on?

Back 10

Anti-racism; acknowledging the diversity of women

Front 11

In terms of reactions to female perpetrators, what 3 things have feminists noted in criminal behavior?

Back 11

1) sexual morality

2) double-standards

3) power

Front 12

What type of positivism do most feminists reject?

Back 12

Biological/psychological positivsm

Front 13

What did Lombroso discover after examining the skulls of females?

Back 13

That there were few criminal females

Front 14

Many feminist theorists reject ________/_________ positivism, they also _______ theories of socialization

Back 14

Reject biological/psychological positivsm

Criticize theories of substitution

Front 15

Who wrote "Criminal woman, the prostitute, and the normal woman"?

Back 15

Lombroso

Front 16

In terms of evolution, intelligence and initiative to commit crime , what did Lombroso note about females compared to men?

Back 16

That females were less evolved, and lacked the initiative and intelligence to commit crime

Front 17

According to Lombroso, women were considered to be naturally _______

Back 17

Naturally passive

Front 18

What did Thomas find in terms of the charges women tended to be charged for?

Back 18

Prostitution or related charges

Front 19

What did Thomas use to explain the criminal behavior of women?

Back 19

Social disorganization - that women's criminal behavior was due to them being from the transition zone - with a lack of community controls

Front 20

Who coined the term "the new female criminal"?

Back 20

Adler and Simon

Front 21

Whose research was criticized on the basis that women were largely involved in common property offences - consistent with economic marginalization?

Back 21

Adler and Simon

Front 22

According to Adler and Simon, increases in female crime coincided with what?

Back 22

Educational advances and involvement in tradationally male-dominated occupations

Front 23

Who put forth power-control theory? What did they find?

Back 23

Hagan, Gillis and Simpson - studied power in the household - found it is derived from power enjoyed in the workplace

Front 24

In the power-control theory, what increases the likelihood of males engaging in crime?

Back 24

The gendered power differentials that are foisted upon children

Front 25

In the power-control theory, what order ends in "delinquent designations" (there are two)

Back 25

1. Gender ---> Delinquent designations
2. Gender ---> parental controls ---> risk preferences ---> delinquent behavior ---> delinquent designations

Front 26

Why is the focus of women's involvement in crime presented from a victimization perspective?

Back 26

Because women commit fewer crimes than men (ie sexual assault, domestic violence)

Front 27

Who examined intimate violence in Canada? What type of questions would he ask?

Back 27

Mann, would question whether intimate violence should be characterized as patriarchal terrorism or as a degendered phenomenon

Front 28

What did Strauss and Conflict Tactics scales NOT acknowledge in their violence between males and females surveys?

Back 28

Qualitative differences - as in punching your wife in the face was equivalent to pushing her down the stairs

Front 29

What are the main differences in motivation for engaging in interpersonal violence?

Back 29

1) males generally attempt to assert control

2) females usually try to control themselves

Front 30

Who argues that we should resist effort to "degender" violence but pay special attention to the motives of the behavior?

Back 30

Mann

Front 31

In conclusion, how do we examine crime with women in terms of reasons for committing and where they're victims?

Back 31

They commit crime (are perpetrators) of property crime due to economic marginalization, and are victims of crime particularly in the house

Front 32

Egalitarian families

Back 32

Higher female delinquency rates

Front 33

Patriarchal families

Back 33

Lower females delinquency rates