Skeletal System: Bones And Joints(Anaphirt105)

Front 1

Skeleton

Back 1

Derived from the greek word meaning driedjoint

Front 2

Joint or articulation

Back 2

Where two or more bones come together

Front 3

1.support

2.protection

3. Movement

4. Storage

5. Blood cell production

Back 3

Major function of Skeletal System

Front 4

206 bones

Back 4

Skeleton is made up of how many bones?

Front 5

1.skull

2.clavicle

3.sternum

4. Ribs

5.vertebral column

6.humerus

7. Radius

8.ulna

9. Pelvis

10. Femur

11. Tibia

12. Fibula

Back 5

12 Major bones of the skeletal system

Front 6

Collagen(koila=glue+-gen=producing)

Back 6

Is a tough, rope-like protein

Front 7

Proteoglycans

Back 7

Are large molecules consisting of many polysaccharides attaching to and encircling core proteins.

Front 8

Tendons and ligaments

Back 8

The extracellular matrix of ... contain large amount of collagen fibers.

Front 9

Cartilage

Back 9

Extracellular matrix of ____contains collagen and proteoglycans

Front 10

Hydroxyapatite

Back 10

Mineral in bone is in form of calcium phosphate crystals called____

Front 11

osteogenesis imperfecta or Brittle bone disease

Back 11

Disorder caused by any one of a number of faulty genes that results in either too little collagen formation or poor quality collagen

Front 12

•Long bone

•short bone

•flat bone

•irregular bone

Back 12

4 classification of bone

Front 13

Long bones

Back 13

Enhance movement of appendages and Are longer than they are wide

Front 14

Long bones

Back 14

Bone of the upper and lower limb

Front 15

Short bone

Back 15

Help transfer force between long bones. Approximately wide as the are long.

Front 16

Short bone

Back 16

Bones of wrist and ankle

Front 17

Flat bones

Back 17

Well suited to providing a strong barrier around soft organs. Relatively thin flattened shape

Front 18

Flat bone

Back 18

Found in certain skull bones, the ribs, the scapula and the sternum

Front 19

Irregular bones

Back 19

These bones have specialized functions, such as providing protection while allowing bending and flexing of certain body regions.

Front 20

Irregular bones

Back 20

Bones of the vertebrae and facial bones. And spine

Front 21

Diaphysis

Back 21

Central shaft of the long bone

Front 22

Epiphysis

Back 22

Two ends of the long bone.

Front 23

Articular cartilage

Back 23

Covers the end of epiphyses where the bone articulates (joins) with other bones

Front 24

Epiphyseal plate or growing plate

Back 24

Bone that is still growing.

Front 25

Epiphyseal line

Back 25

When growth bones(epiphyseal plates) stops growing it is replaced by bones and becomes an ___\

Front 26

Large medullary cavity

Back 26

cavity in the diaphysis, as well as the smaller cavities in the epiphyses of long bone and interior of bones.

Front 27

Marrow

Back 27

These Spaces are filled with soft tissue called___

Front 28

Yellow marrow

Back 28

Consist mostly of adipose tissue

Front 29

Red marrow

Back 29

Consist of blood-forming cells and is the only site for blood formation in adult tissue

Front 30

Red marrow & yellow marrow

Back 30

As a person ages the ____ marrow is replaced with ___marrow

Front 31

Periosteum

Back 31

Outer surface of the bone is covered by dense connective tissue called___

Front 32

Periosteum (peri=around + osteon=bone)

Back 32

Consists of two layers and contains blood vessels and nerves

Front 33

Endosteum (endo=inside)

Back 33

The surface of the medullary cavity in lined with a thinner connective tissue membrane

Front 34

Osteoblasts

Back 34

Function in formation of bone.

Front 35

Osteocytes

Back 35

When osteoblasts becomes surrounded by the matrix

Front 36

Osteoclasts

Back 36

Contribute to bone repair and remodeling by removing of existing bones, called bone reabsorption

Front 37

Lamellae

Back 37

It is where bones are formed in thin sheets of extracellular matrix called___

Front 38

Lacunae

Back 38

Osteocytes between lamellae within spaces called____

Front 39

Canaliculi (sing. Canaliculus)

Back 39

Extracellular matrix of the lamellae within tiny canals called___

Front 40

Compact bone

Back 40

Is mostly solid matrix and cells

Front 41

Spongy bone

Back 41

Consist of a lacy network of bone with many small, marrow-filled spaces.

Front 42

cortical bones or compact bones

Back 42

Forms the perimeters of the diaphysis of a long bone and thinner surface of all other bones.

Front 43

Osteons

Back 43

Predictable pattern of repeating units of the compact bone

Front 44

Haversian canal or central canal

Back 44

Osteon consist of concentric rings of lamellae surrounding a ____

Front 45

Canaliculi

Back 45

Cell process which connects osteocytes to one another

Front 46

Central

Back 46

Blood vessel in ____ canal, in turn, are connected to blood vessels in the periosteum and endosteum.

Front 47

Spongy bone

Back 47

Very porous and is located in the epiphyses of long bone , less bone matrix and more open space then compact bone

Front 48

Trabeculae

Back 48

Spongy bones consist of delicate interconnecting rods or plates of bone

Front 49

Marrow

Back 49

Spaces of trabecular is filled with ___

Front 50

Ossification (os=bone +facio =to make)

Back 50

Formation of bone by osteoblast

Front 51

Intramembranous ossification

Back 51

Bone formation that occurs within connective tissue membrane is called ___

Front 52

Endochondral ossification

Back 52

Bone formation that occurs inside hyaline cartilage

Front 53

Intramembranous ossification

Back 53

Occurs within a 12-week-old fetus at ossification centers in the flat bone of the skull.

Front 54

Chondrocytes

Back 54

During endochondral ossification, cartilage dells called __ in crease in number, causing the cartilage model to increase in size.

Front 55

1. A cartilage model with the general shape of the mature bone, is produced by chondrocytes. A perichondrium surrounds most of the cartilage model.

2. The chondrocytes enlarge and cartilage is calcified. A bone collar is produced and the perichondrium of the diaphysis become the periosteum.

3. The primary ossification forms as blood vessels and osteoblasts invade the calcified cartilage. The osteoblast lay down bone matrix, forming trabecular.

4. Secondary ossification centers form in the epiphyses of long bone

Back 55

Endochondral ossification of long bone.

Front 56

Open fracture/ compound fracture

Back 56

Occurs when an open wound extends to the site of the fracture.

Front 57

Transverse fraction

Back 57

Are at the right angles to the length of the bone

Front 58

Spiral fracture

Back 58

Take a helical course around the length of the bone

Front 59

Dentate fracture

Back 59

Have rough toothed broken end

Front 60

Stellate fracture

Back 60

Breakage lines radiating from a central point

Front 61

Bone

Back 61

Major storage site for calcium in the body

Front 62

•Parathyroid hormone

•vitamin D

•calcitonin

Back 62

Calcium homeostasis is maintained by three hormones

Front 63

Foramen

Back 63

Hole in a bone

Front 64

Canal or meatus

Back 64

If the hole is elongated into a tunnel-like passage through the bone

Front 65

Fossa

Back 65

Depression in a bone

Front 66

Tubercle or tuberosity

Back 66

Rounded projection on a bone

Front 67

Closed fracture

Back 67

Skin is not perforated

Front 68

Process

Back 68

A sharp projection from a bone

Front 69

Condyle

Back 69

Rounded end of a bone where it forms a joint with another bone

Front 70

Front (Term)

Back 70

Axial skeleton and their numbers

Front 71

Front (Term)

Back 71

Vertebral column and number of bones

Front 72

Front (Term)

Back 72

Number of bones

Front 73

Front (Term)

Back 73

Anatomical terms for features of bones

Front 74

Complicated fracture

Back 74

If the soft tissues around a closed fracture are damaged

Front 75

Incomplete fracture

Back 75

Fracture Does not extend completely across the bone

Front 76

Complete fracture

Back 76

Where bone is completely broken into atleast two fragements

Front 77

Greenstick fracture

Back 77

Incomplete fracture on the convex side of the curve of the bone

Front 78

Front (Term)

Back 78

Axial skeleton and their numbers

Front 79

Comminuted fracture

Back 79

Complete fracture in which the bones break into two or more than two pieces

Front 80

Front (Term)

Back 80

Number of bones

Front 81

Front (Term)

Back 81

Anatomical terms for features of bones