Scribeamerica Exam 1 Cardiovascular/heart Anatomy/vasculature

Front 1

Aortic Aneurysm

Back 1

diagnosis of enlarged aorta; due to weakened aortic wall

Front 2

Aortic dissection

Back 2

diagnosis in which the arterial wall splits apart

Front 3

Arrythmia

Back 3

Disturbance of rhythm in the heartbeat

Front 4

Aortic rupture

Back 4

diagnosis in which the arterial wall breaks open as could happen in aortic dissection, ruptures aortic aneurysm trauma

Front 5

Atrial fibrillation

Back 5

irregular beating of the atria; indicates that the sinus node is not conducting a normal sinus rhythm; "a fib"

Front 6

Atrial flutter

Back 6

irregular beating of the atria; often described as "a-flutter with 2 to 1 block or 3 to 1 block"

Front 7

Atrial septal defect

Back 7

ASD; a hole in the atrial septum that causes blood in the RA and LA to mix

Front 8

Bradycardia

Back 8

Slow heart rate (HR<60)

Front 9

Cardiac ischemia

Back 9

decreased blood flow through the coronary vessels and to the heart; usually diagnosed by ST segment depressions on EKG

Front 10

Cardiomegaly

Back 10

enlarged heart

Front 11

Cardiomyopathy

Back 11

Disease of the heart muscle

Front 12

Dialated Cardiomyopathy

Back 12

dysfunctional heart muscle because of an enlarged heart

Front 13

Extra systoles

Back 13

Extra beats of the heart heard during auscultation

Front 14

Friction rub

Back 14

described as grating, scratching sound of the heart indicative of pericarditis

Front 15

Gallop

Back 15

Three or four sounds, resembling the sounds of a gallop

Front 16

irregularly irregular

Back 16

Heart rhythm for anyone with Atrial Fibrillation

Front 17

Murmur

Back 17

Abnormal heart sound rated on 1-6 scale

Front 18

Myocardial Infarction

Back 18

Death of cardiac muscle due to prolonged ischemia when blood flow through the coronary artery is obstructed

Front 19

Myocarditis

Back 19

inflammation of the heart muscle

Front 20

NSTEMI

Back 20

Non ST segment elevation MI; a heart attack that is not diagnosed on the EKG but is diagnosed by an elevated troponin on blood test

Front 21

Pericardial tamponade

Back 21

diagnosis due to fluid in the pericardium that exerts pressure on the heart and hampers its ability to contract normally

Front 22

Pericarditis

Back 22

Inflammation of the pericardium evidenced on physical exam but the presence of a friction rub on heart auscultation

Front 23

Pulse exam

Back 23

Carotid, brachial, radial, femoral, popliteal, portal pedis (DP) or posterior tibia (PT)

Front 24

STEMI

Back 24

ST elevated myocardial infarction; when an EKG shows "ST segment elevation" it indicates an acute heart attack

Front 25

Tachycardia

Back 25

Fast heart rate (HR>100bpm)

Front 26

Ventricular fibrillation

Back 26

irregular beating of the ventricles; this is a terminal event that requires immediate electrical cardioversion

Front 27

Valvular vegetation

Back 27

an infection growth on the cardiac valves

Front 28

Ventricular septal defect "A VSD"

Back 28

A hole in the ventricular septum that causes blood to mix between the RV and LV

Front 29

Ventricular wall thrombus

Back 29

a blood clot that attaches to the inside wall of the ventricle; pieces of the thrombus can break off and spread anywhere in the body leading to infarctions

Front 30

Aorta

Back 30

Artery carrying blood from the heart (LV) to the rest of the body

Front 31

Aortic valve

Back 31

Heart valve between the LV and the ascending aorta

Front 32

Atrial septum

Back 32

heart tissue that separates the RA from the LA

Front 33

AV Node

Back 33

Atrioventricular node: receives the electrical activity from the SA nodes and conducts it to the ventricles: the right bundle and the left bundle

Front 34

Coronary artery

Back 34

Artery that supplies the heart with blood; there are the right coronary artery (RCA), the left main coronary artery, the circumflex coronary artery, the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and many branches coming from each known as marginal coronary arteries

Front 35

Left Atrium

Back 35

LA: chamber in the heart that receives oxygenated blood from the pulmonary vein

Front 36

Left Ventricle

Back 36

LV: chamber in the heart that receives oxygenated blood from the LA

Front 37

Mitral Valve

Back 37

heart valve between LA and LV

Front 38

Myocardium

Back 38

heart muscle

Front 39

Pericardium

Back 39

The lining surrounding the heart

Front 40

Pulmonary artery

Back 40

Artery carrying blood from the heart (RV) to the lungs)

Front 41

Pulmonary vein

Back 41

Vein carrying blood from the lungs to the heart (LA)

Front 42

Pulmonic valve

Back 42

Heart valve between the RV and the pulmonary artery

Front 43

Right Atrium

Back 43

RA: chamber in the heart that receives blood from the vena cava, sends it to the RV

Front 44

Right Ventricle

Back 44

RV: chamber in the heart that receives blood from the RA, sends it to the lungs

Front 45

SA node

Back 45

Sinoatrial node: pacemaker of the heart

Front 46

Tricuspid valve

Back 46

heart valve between RA and RV

Front 47

Vena cava

Back 47

Veins leading blood to the heart

Front 48

Ventricular septum

Back 48

Heart tissue that separates the RV from the LV

Front 49

Aneurysm

Back 49

Localized ballooning of a vessel due to a weakened vessel wall

Front 50

Artery

Back 50

Blood vessel carrying blood away from the heart, muscular, contractile

Front 51

Bruit

Back 51

A whooshing sound heard during auscultation indicative of blockage or aneurysm

Front 52

Dissection

Back 52

Blood flow into the wall layers of an artery causing the arterial walls to split apart

Front 53

Deep Venous Thrombosis

Back 53

DVT; deep clot in the extremity

Front 54

Embolism

Back 54

Obstruction of a blood vessel by a traveling clot of blood or foreign substance

Front 55

Hemangioma

Back 55

Tumor consisting of blood vessels

Front 56

Stenosis

Back 56

Narrowing of a body opening or passage

Front 57

Thrombus

Back 57

Blood clot or blockage

Front 58

Vein

Back 58

Vessel carrying blood towards the heart, soft, compressible