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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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in what ways did hermetic scholars use magic to overcome the laws of nature? |
Alchemy, Mathematical magic, and human divinity |
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How did the middle age thinkers describe the design of the universe? |
The earth was at the center surrounded by 10 spheres |
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In what fields of study did scientists achieve the greatest success in the 1500's and 1600's? |
Astronomy, Chemistry, Anatomy |
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Why did Copernicus support a heliocentric model of the universe? |
because The ptolemaic model was inaccurate according to astronomy. |
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Who created the three laws of planetary motion? What were they ? |
Johannes Kepler: elliptical movement, no constant speed, mass has to do with speed |
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How did tycho Brahe contribute to our understanding of the cosmos ? |
he drew detailed pictures and also collected data |
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In what ways did Galileo contribute to astronomy and physics? |
phases of Venus, detailed drawings of the moon, rings of Jupiter |
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Why was Galileo brought before the inquisition? What was his punishment? |
his "teachings" affected human importance recalled data and got house arrest |
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What was Galileo's law of inertia ? |
an object in motion stays in motion unless stopped by an external force |
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Why did Newtons law of universal gravitation help separate God from the movement of objects in the Universe ? |
there is a mathematical reason for movement not God |
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How did Paracelsus revolutionize the world of medicine ? |
disease caused by chemical imbalance , chemical medicine proper dosage |
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What was Andreas Vesalius's contribution to our understanding of the human body ? |
the fabric of the human body, anatomy |
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which 17th century chemist studied the nature and behavior of gases? |
Robert Boyle |
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What role did the Querrelles des femmes play in the scientific revolution? Did they benefit or hurt the rights and roles of woman in society? |
they provided stereotypical views on women |
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what happened to the role of midwife as a result of the scientific revolution? |
They were treated as an accessory, men took over role |
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what arguments did Descartes put forward in his discourse on the method? |
doubt everything unless proven by evidence (reasoning) |
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how did christian churches respond to the scientific evidence that went against their teachings? |
the books were banned , teachings were illegal were made to be recalled |
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Why did Spinoza argue that failure to understand God led to selfishness? |
because human use nature for their own purposes |
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in what ways did pascal attempt to defend Christianity to rationalists ? |
" I appeal to reason and emotions " Christianity is not contrary to reason |
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How did scientific societies like the Royal academy attempt to spread their ideas ? |
they would meet up in certain places and discuss their thoughts, beliefs, and ideas would publish books/journals |
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how did the scientific revolution help lead to the ideas of the enlightenment ? |
it helped think outside the box of " truth and fact " they had |
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Why did the enlightenment lead to a more secular, less religiously focused society? |
because of doubt of religion and truth |
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what impact did travel publications have on European societies in the 1700's? |
realized that more cultures were more advanced |
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How did John Locke view people since birth? what is the tabula rosa? |
John Locke viewed people as good/bad people tabula rosa- blank mind |
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what were the goals of the French philosophies ? |
apply rational criticism to make the world a better world |
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what social classes were most philosophers ? |
nobility and middle class |
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How did Montesquieu argue that government should be constructed? Why? |
In separate powers, and because it was used to limit each other's power |
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Which European city was considered the heart of the enlightenment ? |
Paris |
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How did voltaires religious view help shape his views on religious toleration? |
3 religions , ( England ) did not cause problems |
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Which female Philosophe helped translate newtons principia |
morguise du châtclet |
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What are the major beliefs of deism ? |
God has nothing to do with human actions |
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What was the purpose of Denis Diderot's encyclopedia ? |
to explain everything/anything you wanted to learn how to do basically the works summed up in different books |
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What did Adam smith believe was the role of government in the economy ? |
it didn't really have one |
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what was the general Will? How did Montesquieu believe it should dictate laws ? |
he got common interest of the people |
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what was the general Will? How did Montesquieu believe it should dictate laws ? |
he got common interest of the people |
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According to Rousseau, what was the major cause of crime and anger in the world ? |
Laws and government |
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What roles did salons play in spreading enlightenment ideas? Who hosted them? |
public ( philosophies ) salons would allow for them to examine/ share ideas and the hosts were wealthy woman |
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What was the focus of most works created by Johan Sebastian Bach ? |
Religion |
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Which 18th century composer was considered the most creative and innovative of his era ? |
Mozart |
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Which English writer wrote a Serious proposal to the ladies? |
Mary estell |
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Which enlightenment thinker argued for better treatment for prisoners and the accused? |
Beccaria |
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What were pogroms, and why did they take place in Europe? |
pogroms were Jewish massacres and it happened in Europe because that had no rights |
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For the most part, how were jews treated in 18th century Europe? |
they were treated as property and nobody liked them |
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Why did the Methodists separate from the Church of England? |
John Wesley had died, and caused them to separate. |
