Rspt 1340 Beachey Ch 15 Physiology Of Sleep Disorder Breathing

Front 1

What anatomical structures are visualized to determine the mallampati score?

Back 1

Tongue, hard and soft palate, and uvula

Front 2

What is the most common SBD?

Back 2

Dyssomnias

Front 3

What is the most common dyssomnia in the United States?

Back 3

OSA

Front 4

Wha anatomical abnormalities are considered contributing factors to OSA?

Back 4

Macroglossia, Micrognathia, Retrognathia, and Deviated nasal septum

Front 5

What is the most vulnerable position for the patient with OSA?

Back 5

supine

Front 6

What risk factors are associated with worsening OSA?

Back 6

BMI greater than 25, alcohol ingestion before bedtime, and diabetes

Front 7

What are consequences of uncorrected OSA?

Back 7

Decreased libido, decreased mental performance, hypertension, and exacerbation of coronary artery disease

Front 8

What is the most common sign of CSA?

Back 8

Cheyne-Stokes Respirations

Front 9

The absence of thoracic and abdominal efforts with loss of airflow in a patient who has been successfully treated for OSA with cpap is consistent with the presence of which of the following disorders?

Back 9

MSA

Front 10

Longstanding SDB has been associated with the presence of which of the following diseases?

Back 10

Cardiovascular disease

Front 11

What is the gold standard test to determine the presence of a sleep disorder?

Back 11

PSG

Front 12

What is the goal of titrating PAP for individual's with sleep disorders?

Back 12

Using PAP pressure to reduce AHI to 5 or less per hour while the patient is in the supine position.

Front 13

An AHI of 50 in a sleep study should be interpreted as what?

Back 13

Severe sleep apnea

Front 14

What therapies are considered options for treating SBD?

Back 14

PAP therapy, oral appliances, and positional solutions

Front 15

EEG shows a reduction in activity between wakefulness and sleep; accounts for 5% to 10% of the total sleep cycle.

Back 15

Stage 1 NREM

Front 16

EEG displays sharp spikes called K-complexes and sleep spindles approximately 40 to 50% of the total sleep period is spent in this stage.

Back 16

Stage 2 NREM

Front 17

Deepest level of sleep, EEG display's Delta waves or slow wave sleep.

Back 17

Stage 3 and 4 NREM

Front 18

Active sleep associated with loss of core body temperature regulation; dreaming occurs the last 10 to 20 minutes.

Back 18

Rem Stage

Front 19

In which level of sleep is restorative sleep thought to occur?

Back 19

Delta Sleep (Stage 3)

Front 20

A 50% reduction in Vt for at least 10 seconds during sleep defines what term?

Back 20

Hypopnea

Front 21

Which breathing pattern is a common sign of central sleep apnea?

Back 21

Cheyne-Stokes Respiration

Front 22

The lack of dreaming could mean that a patient is not spending a significant period of sleep in which phase?

Back 22

REM stage

Front 23

What are the neurotransmitters that mediate arousal in the cortex?

Back 23

Histamine, serotonin, norepinephrine, acetylcholine, and hypocretin

Front 24

What is the common complaint of individuals with nasal septum abnormality's?

Back 24

Poor quality of sleep

Front 25

What neck circumference is highly correlated with the incidence of OSA in men?

Back 25

Greater than 17"

Front 26

How long does the typical individual stay in NREM before transitioning to REM?

Back 26

60 to 90 minutes

Front 27

Apnea is defined as absence of ventilation lasting more than how many seconds?

Back 27

10 seconds

Front 28

What reduction of title volume is considered as defining hypopnea?

Back 28

50%

Front 29

Which of the SBD's is more common in children and infants than in adults?

Back 29

Central sleep apnea (CFA)