• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/12

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

12 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
A 1-month-old African-American male presents to your office for a check-up. The baby was born at term by NSVD to a 29-year-old G1P0 mother with no complications. Mother states the baby was feeding well until a week ago, when he developed increased sleepiness, prolonged feeding, and greater duration between feeds. His mother notes he stops to take breaks sometimes because he seems to be trying to catch his breath. He has 4 to 6 wet diapers per day and poopy diapers 3 or 4 times per day. Vital signs are: T: 37.6 C, RR: 68 bpm, P: 138 bpm, BP: 88/58 mmHg, and 02 saturation is 98%. The physical examination is notable for increased respiratory effort and retractions, and, upon cardiac examination, a murmur with a hyperactive precordium and no cyanosis. Abdominal exam reveals a liver edge palpable to 4 cm below the right costal margin. Which condition would be least likely to be the cause of the patient’s symptoms?

Atrial septal defect

Aortic stenosis

  • murmur
  • signs of congestive heart failure in infancy
  • neonates symptomatic
  • poor feeds, rapid breathing, poor urine outpute, fussiness

Coarctation of aorta

CHF in infancy


poor feeds, tachypnea, lethargy


progress to overt CHF and shock

Ventricular septal defect

  • present with murmur and signsof CHF in infancy
  • appear during first few days, weeks, or months of childs life
  • acyantocic
  • holosystolic murmur
  • large VSD = failure to thrive
  • diaphoresis and tachypnea

patent ductus arteriosis

  • murmur
  • signs of CHF in infancy
  • MC in premies
  • MC in those with RDS
  • tachypnea, poor feeds, tachy, SOB, fatigue, diaphoresis, poor growth

ASD

  • does NOT CAUSE CHF
  • left to right shunt
  • may not present with symptoms
  • undiagnosed for decades
A 3-week-old infant is brought to the pediatrician for failure to thrive (despite adequate, even prolonged, feedings) and respiratory distress (particularly tachypnea). EKG shows high voltage QRS complexes in leads V1 and V2. What other features does this infant most likely have?
Left-to-right shunt

widely split, fixed S2

atrial septal defect


systolic murmur due to increased blood flow across pulmonic valve

continuous murmur louder during systole

PDA

holosystolic murmur

VSD

You have accepted a part-time tutoring job for first-year medical students. One of your students asks if you would please clarify the details of normal fetal circulation. Which of the following best describes the path of the majority of the blood that enters the right atrium?

RA > RV > ductus arteriosus > systemic circulation

A 5-year-old boy is noted to have a grade II systolic murmur and a widely split S2 murmur on cardiac exam. His vital signs are stable and he has been asymptomatic. Which of the following statement is accurate regarding this patient’s presentation and likely condition?

This patient's murmur is caused by flow through the pulmonary outflow tract and should be evaluated




ASD