Public Policy

Front 1

_______ provide policy makers and the public explanations so they can understand complex problems, substantiate and rationalize the policy positions and actions of various policy makers, and policymakers value their independent research and analysis as supplemental knowledge to convince other politicians and citizens to adopt their viewpoints.

Back 1

Think Tanks

Front 2

Think Tanks:

Back 2

1. provide policymakers and the public explanations so they can understand complex problems

2. substantiate and rationalize the policy positions and actions of various policy makers

3. policymakers value their independent research and analysis as supplemental knowledge to convince other politicians and citizens to adopt their viewpoints

Front 3

Which of the following combinations of saliency and conflict provide the greatest opportunity for an issue to be placed on the government's agenda?

Back 3

high saliency; low confluct

Front 4

_______ emphasizes the formal and legal aspects of government structure including the way governments are arranged, their legal powers, and their rules for decision making?

Back 4

Institutional theory

Front 5

Which of the following primary policy analysis criteria would be used if a fair and just evaluation were a concern?

Back 5

Equity

Front 6

Policymakers often debate over whether to address the root causes of a problem or instead focus on the problem's _______?

Back 6

Proximate causes

Front 7

Examining scholarly books and journals regarding a particular problem or solution represents the use of the _______ technique of collecting information.

Back 7

Literature Review

Front 8

Providing direct payments or benefits to individuals is an example of:

Back 8

Subsidizing

Front 9

Food labels represent what form of government policy tool?

Back 9

Education

Front 10

The _______ criterion for evaluating public policy deals most explicitly with achieving goals in relationship to costs.

Back 10

Efficiency

Front 11

The _______ is a measure that represents the average change in price over time of a market basket of consumer goods and services.

Back 11

CPI

Front 12

Median household incomes rose more for middle income Americans from 1983-2004 compared to upper income families.

Back 12

False

Front 13

The U.S. health care system is best characterized as a:

Back 13

hybrid system of public and private care

Front 14

Which government program provides medical insurance for the elderly and the disabled?

Back 14

Medicare

Front 15

Some opponents of sex selection through PGD or MicoSort fear that reproductive medicine will eventually lead to designer babies.

Back 15

True

Front 16

According to the film, _______ causes many people to remain in poverty.

Back 16

Generational poverty

Front 17

The _______ was initially created to act as a central clearinghouse for all budget requests in 1921, advises the president on fiscal and economic policies, and is offset by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO).

Back 17

Office of Management and Budget (OMB)

Front 18

The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) requires that:

Back 18

the public be allowed to review environmental impact statements (EIS)

Front 19

Discretionary (non-entitlement) spending funds:

Back 19

the national park system

Front 20

On-line calculators help individuals to gauge the environmental impact of various activities from heating and lighting a home to flying across the country.

Back 20

True

Front 21

Heavily influenced by economics, _______ assumes that in making decisions, individuals have a fixed set of preferences and act instrumentally to maximize these preferences.

Back 21

Rational Choice

Front 22

The assigned research projects include a policy section with a policy overview and a research question and a literature review with _______ articles.

Back 22

Scholarly peer reviewed

Front 23

Among the three types of policy analysis are _______, professional and political.

Back 23

Scientific

Front 24

At Copenhagen, while there was a significant disagreement between developing and developed countries, leaders from _______, India, Brazil, South Africa, and _______ created an accord vowing to limit global warming.

Back 24

China and the United States

Front 25

By the 1930s and 1940s, _______ became the dominant form of health coverage in the United States.

Back 25

Employee-sponsored health plans

Front 26

_______ refers to the institutional and political processes through which public policy choices are made.

Back 26

Government

Front 27

_______ has been defined as the struggle over "who gets what, when, and how."

Back 27

Politics

Front 28

Advocates of ______ sought to limit the federal government as state and federal governments have separate and distinct jurisdictions and responsibilities.

Back 28

Dual federalism

Front 29

Defined as a voluntary associated of independent states or governments, _______ empowers lower-level governments posses all real authority.

Back 29

A confederation

Front 30

Throughout history, the Supreme Court has cycled through trends of state-centered and nation-centered philosophies of federalism. What is an example of a state-centered approach?

Back 30

Scott v. Sanford (1857)

Front 31

_______ is what a government chooses to do or not to do about problems.

Back 31

Public policy

Front 32

_______ is the process of choosing a state-centered view or a nation-centered view of federalism on the basis of political or partisan convenience.

Back 32

None of the above (Cooperative, dual, centralized federalism)

*Ad hoc federalism*

Front 33

The Constitution's single most extensive grand of power to Congress is:

Back 33

the necessary and proper clause, often known as the elastic clause.

Front 34

The foundations of government or the building blocks that all individuals and groups who ever sought to rule have been compelled to construct if they were to secure and maintain control over their territory and its people include the _______ and _______.

Back 34

means of coercion, means of collecting revenue

Front 35

Measures that earmark projects for individual members' congressional districts are often referred to as _______.

Back 35

Pork barrels

Front 36

Congress members promising to vote for another's bill in exchange for a vote for their bill:

Back 36

logrolling

Front 37

American federalism in which of the following:

Back 37

A two-tiered system comprised of the national government and the state governments

Front 38

Every bill introduced in Congress faces the _______ deadline of the congressional term.

Back 38

Two-year

Front 39

To overcome the collective action problem in Congress, MCs will logroll which is to:

Back 39

give a colleague a vote on a particular bill in return for that colleague's vote on another bill

Front 40

The _______ enabled party leadership to play a more significant role in lawmaking,

Back 40

1974 House Reforms

Front 41

_______ are statements of understanding between the administration and a foreign government that do not require the approval of the Senate.

Back 41

Executive Agreements

Front 42

The modern cabinet has limited political clout as opposed to the era of cabinet government during the 19th century.

Back 42

True

Front 43

Standing committees are called so because:

Back 43

They exist from one Congress to the next, unless they are explicitly disbanded.

Front 44

In the House, a _______ essentially provides a tailor made process for floor consideration of a bill governing the length of general debate and limiting the amount of amendments and the time for debate on each amendment.

Back 44

Rule

Front 45

The _______ consists of White House staff and other offices, such as the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) which assist the president in implementing public policy.

Back 45

Executive Office of the President (EOP)

Front 46

Conceptually, the general authority extended to Congress by the "necessary and proper" clause of the Constitution is similar to the power extended to the executive by the Constitution:

Back 46

where it mandates that the president "take Care that the Laws be faithfully executed."

Front 47

Going public otherwise known as plebiscitary politics was championed by the Framers.

Back 47

False

Front 48

Plebiscitary politics is also known as what?

Back 48

Going public

Front 49

With the election of 1800, the transfer of authority and power from the Federalists to the Democratic-Republicans signaled the strength of new Republic and of our constitutional principles.

Back 49

True

Front 50

In comparing the House and the Senate, Representatives tend to be subject _______ while Senators tend to be _______.

Back 50

generalists, specialists

Front 51

Representatives are _______.

Back 51

Generalists

Front 52

Senators are _______.

Back 52

Specialists

Front 53

The difference between insider lobbying (insider tactics) and outsider lobbying (outsider tactics) is:

Back 53

insider lobbying is a direct appeal to a lawmaker; outsider lobbying is an appeal to the general public for support.

Front 54

_______ is the procedure that gives more inhabitants of a population an equal probability of being selected.

Back 54

Random Sampling

Front 55

The difference between categorical grants and block grants is which of the following:

Back 55

categorical grands are tied to particular programs, and the policy goals of block grants are more generally stated.

Front 56

When one party controls the presidency and another party controls one or both houses of Congress, this is known as:

Back 56

Divided government

Front 57

An executive order has the force of law:

Back 57

Until the president or successor retracts it, Congress nullifies it, or a federal court rules it unconstitution