Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
developmental psychology
|
the study of progressive changes in behavior
|
|
|
environment (nurture)
|
all external conditions that affect a person, especially the effects of learning
|
|
|
heredity (nature)
|
genetic transmission of physical and psychological characteristics from parents to their children
|
|
|
congenital problem
|
a problem or defect that occurs during prenatal development
|
|
|
genetic disorder
|
problem caused by inherited characteristics from parents
|
|
|
teratogens
|
anything capable of disturbing normal development in the womb, directly causing birth defects (examples include narcotics, radiation, cigarette smoke, lead, and cocaine)
|
|
|
Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS)
|
a condition caused by repeated heavy alcohol consumption during pregnancy
|
|
|
readiness
|
maturation has advanced enough to allow the rapid acquisition of a particular skill (potty training, tying shoes, etc.)
|
|
|
deprivation
|
lack of normal stimulation, nutrition, comfort, or love
|
|
|
maturation
|
physical growth and development of the brain and nervous system
|
|
|
enrichment
|
environment is deliberately made more complex and intellectually stimulating and emotionally supportive
|
|
|
colors, shapes, things to do, climbing, moving, exploring, books
|
examples of enrichment in an environment
|
|
|
may not receive needed food/clothes
stress damages parental relations |
How does poverty affect the deprivation of one's environment?
|
|
|
memory of mazes, larger and heavier brains, thicker cortexes, more neurons and connections (especially in visual area)
|
What was the difference between the two groups of rats (enriched or normal environment) at the end of the study?
|
|
|
gained weight faster, more alert and active
|
What were the differences between the massaged and non-massaged infants in the video?
|
|
|
shorter, smaller, emotional problems
|
What problems did the children experience who were institutionalized and received good care but deprived of a mother's touch?
|
|
|
sensitive period
|
a time of increased sensitivity to environmental influences; also a time when certain events must occur for normal development to take place
|
|
|
reaction range
|
limits that one's environment places on the effects of heredity
|
|
|
reciprocal influence
|
growing infants influence their parents' behavior at the same time that they are changed by it.
|
