Psio 201 Practical 3: Muscles, Location, And Action

Front 1

What are the muscles associated with the face, head and neck? (8)

Back 1

Occipitofrontalis: Frontalis and Occipitalis
Orbicularis oris
Orbicularis oculi
Zygomaticus major
Platysma
Temporalis
Masseter
Sternocleidomastoid

Front 2

Orbicularis oris location and action?

Back 2

LOCATION: circular muscle that encircles the mouth

ACTION: Puckers the mouth as in kissing <3

Front 3

Zygomaticus major location and action?

Back 3

LOCATION: The zygomaticus major originates on the zygomatic bone and inserts on the skin at the corners of the mouth.
ACTION: pulls the corners of the mouth superiorly: SMILE :)

Front 4

Orbicularis oculi location and action?

Back 4

LOCATION: circular muscle that encircles each eye
ACTION: closes each eye as in blinking.

Front 5

Occipitofrontalis location and action?

Back 5

Occipitofrontalis is made of Frontalis and Occipitalis

LOCATION: Composite muscle that overlies the cranium; the two muscles are connected by an aponeurosis

ACTION:
Frontalis: raises the eyebrows
Occipitalis: Draws scalp posteriorly

Front 6

Platysma location and action?

Back 6

LOCATION: The platysma originates on the fascia of the chest and deltoid and inserts on the mandible and skin below the mouth

ACTION: The platysma depresses the lower lip mandible

Also, tenses neck skin

Front 7

Temporalis location and action?

Back 7

LOCATION: Originates on the temporal bone and inserts on the mandible.
ACTION: Elevates and retracts the mandible

Front 8

Masseter location and action?

Back 8

LOCATION: Masseter originates on the maxillae and zygomatic bones and inserts on the mandible

ACTION: Elevates and protracts the mandible

Front 9

Sternocleidomastoid location and action?

Back 9

LOCATION: Sternocleidomastoid originates on the sternum and clavicle and inserts on the mastoid process of the temporal bone.

ACTION: If one side of the muscle sternocleidomastoid contracts, the head rotates to the opposite side. If both sides contract, then the action is flexion of the head.

Front 10

What are the muscles that move the vertebral column? (5)

Back 10

Rectus abdominis
External oblique
Internal oblique
Transverse abdominis
Erector spinae: iliocostalis, longissimus and spinalis groups

Front 11

Rectus abdominis location and action?

Back 11

LOCATION: The rectus abdominis originates on the pubis and inserts superiorly on the lower ribs and xiphoid

ACTION: Rectus abdominis flexes the vertebral column and compresses the abdomen

Front 12

External oblique location and action?

Back 12

LOCATION: The external oblique originates laterally on the lower ribs and inserts medially on the iliac crest and linea alba

ACTION: if one side contracts it is rotation of the trunk
If both sides contract together, there is flexion of the vertebral column and compression of the abdomen is the result

Front 13

Internal oblique location and action?

Back 13

LOCATION: Deep to the external oblique, originates laterally at the iliac crests and inserts medially at the linea alba and lower ribs

ACTION: if one side contracts it is rotation of the trunk
If both sides contract together, there is flexion of the vertebral column and compression of the abdomen is the result

Front 14

Transverse abdominis location and action?

Back 14

LOCATION: Deep to the internal oblique, originates lateraly on the iliac crest and the cartilages of the lower ribs. It inserts medially at the xiphoid process and linea alba.

ACTION: Contraction of the transverse abdominis compresses the abdomen

Front 15

Erector spinae location and action?

Back 15

Iliocostalis group, Longissimus group and Spinalis group

LOCATION: Composite group of muscles that individually originate on vertebral processes or ribs and insert on superior process of the vertebral column

ACTION: One side contracts, the muscles laterally flex and rotate the vertebral column. Both sides contract, the muscles extend the vertebral column and maintain erect posture.

Front 16

What are the muscles associated with respiration? (3)

Back 16

Diaphragm
External intercostals
Internal intercostals

Front 17

Diaphragm location and action?

Back 17

LOCATION: Dome shaped muscle that originates on the lower ribs and lumbar vertebrae and inserts medially at the central tendon.

ACTION: During inspiration the diaphragm moves downward in the thoracic cavity, increasing the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the thorax (contraction = resting inspiration & relaxation = resting expiration)

Front 18

External intercostals location and action?

Back 18

LOCATION: Between the ribs, originate on the inferior border of the superior rib and insert on the superior border of the inferior rib.

ACTION: Contraction pulls the ribs upward and together to expand the dimensions the thorax during forced inspiration

Front 19

Internal intercostals location and action

Back 19

LOCATION: Between the ribs, originate on the superior border of the inferior rib and insert on the inferior border of the superior rib.

ACTION: Contraction pulls the ribs down and together to decrease the dimensions of the thorax during forced expiration.

Front 20

What are the muscles that move the pectoral girdle? (5)

Back 20

Pectoralis minor
Trapezius
Levator scapulae
Rhomboid major
Rhomboid minor

Front 21

Pectoralis minor location and action?

Back 21

LOCATION: Anterior muscle of the chest. It origninates medially on the upper ribs and inserts laterally on the scapula.

ACTION: Depresses and protracts the scapula

Front 22

Tapezius location and action?

Back 22

LOCATION: Posterior muscle of the upper back. It originates medially at the occipital bone, lower cervical and thoracic vertebrae, and inserts on the clavicle and scapula.

ACTION: Superior portion elevates scapula and clavicle and extends the head; middle portion adducts scapula; inferior portion depresses scapula.

Front 23

Levator scapulae location and action?

Back 23

LOCATION: Posterior muscle of the upper back that originates on the upper cervical vertebre and inserts on the superior portion of the vertebral bordar on the scapula.

ACTION: Elevates the scapula

Front 24

Rhomboid major location and action?

Back 24

LOCATION: Posterior muscle of the upper back that originates on the upper thoracic vertebrae and inserts on the vertebral border of the scapula.

ACTION: Elevates, adducts and inferiorly rotates the scapula.

Front 25

Rhomboid minor location and action?

Back 25

LOCATION: Posterior muscle on the upper back that originates on the lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae and inserts on the vertebral border of the scapula.

ACTION: Elevates, adducts and inferiorly rotates the scapula.

Front 26

What are the muscles that move the arm? (6)

Back 26

Pectoralis major
Latissimus dorsi
Deltoid
Supraspinatus
Infrasinatus
Teres major

Front 27

Pectoralis major location and action?

Back 27

LOCATION: Anterior muscle of the trunk that originates on the clavicle, sternum and upper ribs and inserts laterally on the greater tubercle of the humerus.

ACTION: Flexes, adducts, and medially rotates the arm

Front 28

Latissimus dorsi location and action?

Back 28

LOCATION: Posterior muscle of the trunk that originates on the lower thoracic vertebrae and inserts on the anterior proximal humerus.

ACTION: Adducts, extends, and medially rotates the arm

Front 29

Deltoid location and action?

Back 29

LOCATION: Large shoulder muscle that originates on the scapula posteriorly and clavicle anteriorly. It inserts on the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus.

ACTION: Medial fibers abduct arm; anterior fibers flex and medially rotate arm; posterior fibers extend and laterally rotate arm

Front 30

Supraspinatus location and action?

Back 30

LOCATION: Originates on the supraspinous fossa of the scapula and inserts on the greater tubercle of the humerus.

ACTION: Abducts the arm

Front 31

Infraspinatus location and action?

Back 31

LOCATION: Originates on the infraspinous fossa of the scapula and inserts on the greater tubercle of the humerus.

ACTION: Laterally rotates and adducts the arm

Front 32

Teres major location and action?

Back 32

LOCATION: Originates on the inferior posterior surface of the scapula and inserts on the anterior proximal humerus.

ACTION: Extends, adducts, and medially rotates the arm.

Front 33

What are the muscles that move the forearm? (4)

Back 33

Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Brachioradialis
Triceps brachii

Front 34

Biceps brachii location and action?

Back 34

LOCATION: Muscle of the anterior arm with two point of origin on the scapula. It inserts on the radial tuberosity.

ACTION: Flexes and supinates the forearm; flexes arm

Front 35

Brachialis location and action?

Back 35

LOCATION: Deep to the biceps brachii, the brachialis orginates on the anterior distal humerus and inserts on the proximal ulna.

ACTION: Flexes the forearm

Front 36

Brachioradialis location and action?

Back 36

LOCATION: Originates on the distal humerus and inserts on the styloid process of the radius.

ACTION: Flexes the forearm.

Front 37

Triceps brachii location and action?

Back 37

LOCATION: Muscle of the posterior arm with three points of origin on the scapula and posterior humerus. It inserts on the olecranon process of the ulna.

ACTION: Extends the forearm and extends the arm

Front 38

What are the muscles that move the hand? (2)

Back 38

Flexors
Extensors

Front 39

Flexors location and action?

Back 39

LOCATION: Muscles of the anterior forearm that originate on the medial distal humerus and insert on the carpals and metacarpals.

ACTION: Flex the hand

Front 40

Extensors location and action?

Back 40

LOCATION: Muscles of the posterior forearm that originate on the lateral distal humerus and insert on the metacarpals.

ACTION: Extend the hand

Front 41

What are the muscles that move the thigh? (9)

Back 41

Iliopsoas: iliacus and psoas major
Tensor fascia latae
Gluteus maximus
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Gracilis
Adductor magnus
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis

Front 42

Iliopsoas location and action?

Back 42

Consists of Iliacus and Psoas major

LOCATION: Muscles of the anterior hip. The iliacus originates on the ilium and psoas major originates on the lower vertebrae. Both muscles insert on the proximal femur.

ACTION: Both muscles act to flex the thigh.

Front 43

Tensor fascia latae location and action?

Back 43

LOCATION: Muscle of the lateral hip and thigh that originates on the iliac crest and inserts on the proximal lateral tibia via the iliotibial tract.

ACTION: Flexes and abducts the thigh.

Front 44

Gluteus maximus location and action?

Back 44

LOCATION: Large, superficial muscle of the posterior hip that originates on the ilium and sacrum and inserts on the gluteal tuberosity of the femur.

ACTION: Extends and laterally rotates the thigh.

Front 45

Gluteus medius location and action?

Back 45

LOCATION: Deep to the gluteus maximus, originates on the ilium and sacrum and inserts on the gluteal tuberostiy of the femur.

ACTION: Abducts and medially rotates the thigh.

Front 46

Gluteus minimus location and action?

Back 46

LOCATION: Deep to the gluteus medius, the gluteus minimus originates on the posterior ilium and inserts on the greater trochanter of the femur.

ACTION: Abducts and medially rotates the thigh.

Front 47

Gracilis location and action?

Back 47

LOCATION: Muscle of the medial thigh that originates on the pubis and inserts on the medial surface of the proximal tibia.

ACTION: Adducts the thigh and flexes the leg.

Front 48

Adductor magnus location and action?

Back 48

LOCATION: A deep adductor muscle that originates on teh ischium and pubis and inserts on the linea aspera of the femur.

ACTION: Adducts the thigh and flexes the leg.

Front 49

Adductor longus location and action?

Back 49

LOCATION: Originates on the pubis and inserts on the linea aspera of the femur.

ACTION: Adducts, flexes, and medially rotates the thigh.

Front 50

Adductor brevis location and action?

Back 50

LOCATION: Originates on the pubis and inserts on the linea aspera of the femur.

ACTION: Adducts, medially rotates and flexes the thigh.

Front 51

What are the muscles that move the leg? (3)

Back 51

Quadriceps femoris
Sartorius
Hamstrings group

Front 52

What muscles make up the quadriceps femoris muscle group? (4)

Back 52

Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius

Front 53

Rectus femoris location and action?

Back 53

LOCATION: Muscle of the anterior thigh that originates on the anterior ilium and inserts on the tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament.

ACTION: Flexes the thigh and extends the leg.

Front 54

Vastus lateralis location and action?

Back 54

LOCATION: Originates on the proximal femur and inserts on the tibial tuberosity.

ACTION: Extends the leg.

Front 55

Vastus medialis location and action?

Back 55

LOCATION: Originates on the linea aspera of the femur and inserts on the tibial tuberosity.

ACTION: Extends the leg

Front 56

Vastus intermedius location and action?

Back 56

LOCATION: Originates on the anterior and lateral surfaces of the body of the femur and inserts on the tibial tuberosity.

ACTION: Extends the leg.

Front 57

What is the location and action of the Sartorius muscle?

Back 57

LOCATION: Called the "tailor's muscle", the sartorius is the longest muscle in the body. It originates on the ilium and inserts on the medial body of the tibia.

ACTION: Flexes the leg, and flexes and laterally rotates the thigh.

Front 58

What are the muscles of the Hamstrings group? (3)

Back 58

Biceps femoris
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus

Front 59

Biceps femoris location and action?

Back 59

LOCATION: Lateral muscle of the posterior thigh. Its two heads originate on the ischial tuberosity and linea aspera of the femur and insert on the head of the fibula and lateral condyle of the tibia.

ACTION: Flexes the leg and extends the thigh.

Front 60

Semimembranosus location and action?

Back 60

LOCATION: Medial and deep muscle of the hamstrings group that originates on the ischial tuberosity and inserts on the medial condyle of the tibia.

ACTION: Flexes the leg and extends the thigh.

Front 61

Semitendinosus location and action?

Back 61

LOCATION: Medial and superficial muscle of the hamstrings group that originates on the ischial tuberosity and inserts on the medial side of the body of the tibia.

ACTION: Flexes the leg and extends the thigh.

Front 62

What are the muscles that move the foot? (5)

Back 62

Triceps surae
Tibialis anterior
Tibialis posterior
Fibularis (Peroneus) longus
Fibularis (Peroneus) brevis

Front 63

What are the two muscles of Triceps surae? (2)

Back 63

Gastrocnemius
Soleus

Front 64

Gastrocnemius location and action?

Back 64

LOCATION: Muscle of the posterior leg. Its two heads originate on the distal posterior femur and insert on the calcaneus via the achilles tendon.

ACTION: Plantar flexes the foot and flexes the leg.

Front 65

Soleus location and action?

Back 65

LOCATION: Deep to the gastrocnemius, originates on the head of the fibula and proximal medial tibia inserts on the calcaneus via the achilles tendon.

ACTION: Plantar flexes the foot.

Front 66

Tibialis anterior location and action?

Back 66

LOCATION: Anterior muscle of the leg that originates on the lateral condyle of the tibia and inserts on the first metatarsal and cuneiform (one of the tarsals).

ACTION: Dorsiflexes and inverts the foot.

Front 67

Tibialis posterior location and action?

Back 67

LOCATION: Deep to the soleus, the tibialis posterior originates on the superior portion of the posterior tibia and fibula and inserts medially on the inferior surface of several tarsals and metatarsals.

ACTION: Inverts and plantar flexes the foot.

Front 68

Fibularis (Peroneus) longus

Back 68

LOCATION: Lateral muscle of the leg that originates on the lateral condyle of the tibia and head of the fibula and inserts on the first metatarsal and cuneiform.

ACTION: Everts and plantar flexes the foot.

Front 69

Fibularis (Peroneus) brevis

Back 69

LOCATION: Lateral muscle of the leg that originates on the body of the fibula and inserts on the fifth metatarsal.

ACTION: Everts and plantar flexes the foot.