Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
What is a schema?
|
a general idea used to organize the world and guide our behavior and expectations
|
organization
|
|
|
What are assimilation and accommodation?
|
Assimilation - Old schema applied to new experiences
Accommodation - modifying existing schema or creating a new one to fit a situation |
Ex. word, underlines in red (misspelling) - suggestions are assimilation, when you tell it to recognize a word it is accommodation
|
|
|
What are Piaget's stages of development and the corresponding ages?
|
Sensorimotor stage (brith - 2 years)
Preoperational Stage (About 2 to 7 years) Concrete-Operational Stage (About 7 to 12 years) Formal-Operational Stage (About 12 years to adulthood) |
|
|
|
Describe the Sensorimotor stage at birth to 2 years.
|
0 - 1 month - no concept for objects at all. Track visual stimuli (follow objects with eyes, but if hidden, you , but will get no response)
1 - 4 months - better at tracking, but if object goes behind a barrier, they will stare where it disappeared 4 - 10 months - more independence, but if object is completely hidden they wont retrieve it, but if partially visible they will reach for it 10 - 12 months - ability to grasp and investigate objects properties, developing shape constancy. If object is hidden they will search, but not good at it |
Lack of object permanence
|
|
|
Describe the preoperational stage at 2 - 7 years.
|
rapid development of language ability and of the ability to represent things symbolically
collective monologue - having separate conversations at the same time egocentric thought- children are not very aware of their environment Centration: children focus on one noticeable attribute of an object or situation Lack ability for conservation- children do not understand that objects maintain their physical properties do not understand that objects maintain their physical properties # measurement task - groupings of pennies, one spread out farther, child will say the spread out one has more pennies |
|
|
|
According to Piaget, what stage of development is centration and the measurement task?
|
Preoperational stage
|
|
|
|
Describe the Concrete Operational Stage at 7 - 12 years.
|
characterized by the emergence of the ability to perform logical analysis of concrete problems, to understand conservation, an increase in the ability to empathize with the feelings and attitudes of others, and by an understanding of more complex cause-and-effect relations
begin to think logically but cannot think hypothetically or in the abstract |
|
|
|
Describe the Formal operational stage at 12 - adulthood.
|
the use of an essentially adult form of logic and symbolic representation; that is, solving problems
child learns to formulate a set of alternatives and to test these alternatives against reality think hypothetically Self-consciousness: adolescent ego centrism think that the whole world revolves around you |
|
|
|
What is cognitive disequilibrium?
|
sults when children encounter unexpected feedback from the environment as their developing ability to explore brings them in contact with new concepts that they cannot easily assimilate to their existing behavioral schemas
|
|
|
|
What are a few criticisms of Piaget?
|
Piaget did not always define his terms operationally; consequently, it is difficult for others to interpret the significance of his generalizations.
Later theorists have argued that Piaget’s theory underestimates the abilities of young children Many of his studies lack the proper controls Neo-Piagetian theorists argue that Piaget stopped too soon – suggest post-formal operations where individuals discover multiple ways of looking at problems, develop more flexibility in outlook |
|
