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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Give the types of waves and explain them. |
1.transverse wave-transverse wave has a direction of vibration that is perpendicular to the direction of wave travel.2.longitudinal wave-longitudinal wave has a direction of vibration that is parallel to the direction of wave travel. |
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Give the 6 characteristics of waves. |
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Give the definition of Period T |
The period T is the time taken by each point on the wave to complete one oscillation |
SI units is the seconds(s) |
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Give the definition if the frequency F |
The frequency F is the number of oscillations each points completes per second. |
SI units is the hertz(Hz) |
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Give the definition of wavelength |
The wavelength is the shortest distance between two successive crests or troughs. |
SI units is the metre (m) |
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Give the definition of wave speed v |
Wave speed is the distance travelled by a wave per second. |
SI units is the metro per second(m/s) |
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Give the definition of crest&troughs |
●A crest, or a peak, is defined as the highest point on a wave above the equilibrium, or rest, position ●A trough is defined as the lowest point on a wave below the equilibrium,or rest, position |
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How does sounds travel through solids? |
Sound waves cause vibrations through the solid. |
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What type of wave are sound waves? |
Longitudinal waves |
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Can sounds travel through a vacuum? |
No,sounds require a medium to be transmitted. |
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What is an echo? |
A reflected sound wave |
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How can the speed of sound be measured? |
Make a noise at a known distance from a solid wall.Record the time taken for the echo to be heard. Then half the time and use speed=distance/time to calculate speed. |
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What is speed of sound in air? |
343 m/s |
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What is the speed of sound in steel? |
5130 m/s |
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How does the speed of sound compare in solids, liquids and gases? |
It is fastest in solids and slowest in gases |
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What is the range of frequencies audible to the human ear? |
20 Hz- 20KHz |
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What is ultra sound? |
Sound with a frequency higher than 20KHz |
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Describe the features of a longitudinal wave |
Longitudinal waves have compressions and rarefactions. |
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What wave property affects the volume of sound? |
The amplitude (greater amplitude= louder sound). |
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What wave property affects the pitch of sounds? |
The frequency(higher frequency = higher pitch ). |
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How can ultrasound be used to measure distances ? |
●when waves reach a boundary between two media, they are partially reflected ●the speed of the waves is constant ●the time between emissions and detection can be used to calculate distance (from distance = speed × time) |
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Describe the applications of ultrasound |
Ultrasound is used largely I medical imaging,specifically pregnancy scanning, as it is non-ionizing so it does not increase the risk of cancer. |
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What is sonar imaging? |
Sonar(sound navigation and ranging) uses both low and high frequency sound waves for imaging eg. Underwater. |
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Whats the purpose of the rachet of a micrometer? |
It ensures uniform pressure between the measuring surfaces |
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What is a wave |
A wave is a disturbance that propagates through space,transfering energy with it but not matter. |
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