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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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any compound that increases the number of hydronium ions when dissolved in water
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Acid
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H3O+
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Hydronium ion
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Lemons, limes
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citric acid
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Dill pickles, vinegar
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acetic acid
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malic acid
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Apples
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Grapes
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tartaric acid
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When an acid dissolves in water, it _______
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ionizes
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_________ ions are responsible for the sour taste in foods
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Hydronium
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Strong acids ______ __________
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ionize completely
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When nitric acid ionizes, it forms ___ and _______ ____
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H3O+ and nitrate ions
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Substances that conduct electricity are called ____________
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electrolytes
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Strong Acids are
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Nitric acid HNO3
Sulfuric acid H2SO4 Hydrochloric acid HCl |
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Weak acids are
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Acetic acid CH3COOH
Formic acid HCOOH Citric acid H3C6H5O7 |
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Properties of bases
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Bitter taste
Soapy Slippery |
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Strong bases contain a _____ ___ and a _________ ___
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metal ion; hydroxide ion
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Most______ _____ are also electrolytes
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strong bases
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Common bases are
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Potassium hydroxide– soaps, dyes
Sodium hydroxide– soaps, drano Calcium hydroxide– cement, treating acidic soil Ammonia– fertilizer |
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compound that can reversibly change color depending on the pH of the solution
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Indicator
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Indicators respond to the concentration of ___ ____ in water
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H3O+ ions
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Measures the strength of acids and bases
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pH paper
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value used to express the acidity or alkalinity of a solution
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pH
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reaction between an acid and a base; results in the formation of a salt and water
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Neutralization reaction
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Common salts are
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NaCl– table salt
Sodium hydrogen carbonate-- Baking soda, fire extinguishers AgI, AgBr– Film Aluminum sulfate– antiperspirants CaCl2– de-ice roads KCl– substitute for table salt Calcium carbonate– chalk |
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process of gradually adding one solution to another solution in the presence of an indicator to determine the concentration (or pH) of one of the solutions
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Titration
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