Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Three central assumptions about the connection between morality and religion |
1. If you dont have religious beliefs you dont have moral motivation 2. God is the creator of morality 3. Religion is a central source for right and wrong |
|
|
How does Socrates object to prosecuting wrong doers being pious |
It's not always pious, there are other pious actions, and its subjective |
|
|
How does euthyphro define piety? |
That which is loved by the gods |
|
|
Do 1. gods love things because they're pious or are 2.things pious because gods love them |
1 |
|
|
What is the divine command theory |
The view that gods commands create morality |
|
|
What does Psychological egoism claim as fact |
Every intentional behavior is motivated by self interest |
|
|
In Psychological egoism, why do people do things for others? (altruism) |
People do things for other people for the satisfaction of doing good and avoidance of guilt |
|
|
What are the 3 arguments for Psychological egoism? |
1. Whenever you do things you're pursuing your self interest 2. Expected benefit 3. All actions avoid misery |
|
|
Who matters in Psychological egoism |
You |
|
|
What is ethical egoism's moral standard |
The right thing to do is what maximizes ones self interest |
|
|
What are 3 arguments against ethical egoism |
1. Everyone should mind their own business 2. Libertarianism 3. Moral obligation should be enough reason |
|
|
Define consequentialism |
Actions are right if and only if they produce the overall best net consequences |
|
|
How to determine the net goodness |
Add up the good subtract the bad |
|
|
How does utilitarianism relate to consequentialism |
It's a consequentialist theory |
|
|
How does utilitarianism determine good and bad |
What effects all present and future entities |
|
|
Who matters in utilitarianism |
All who can farewell and suffer |
|
|
Is utilitarianism a decision procedure or a standard of rightness |
A standard of rightness |
|
|
2 Problems with utiterianism |
1. Does it need to provide a decision procedure 2. The problem of injustice |
|
|
What is rule utilitarianism |
An act is right if and only if it is permitted by widely accepted rules with the overall best consequences |
|
|
According to utilitarianism what is necessary to gain moral knowledge |
Accurately predicting consequences |
|
|
What is mill's view on pleasure |
Some pleasures are higher than others and thus more valuable |
|
|
What is supererogation |
Doing something admirable but not morally required |
|
|
What form of utilitarianism does smart believe |
Extreme utilitarianism |
|
|
Define kantianism |
Act only according to maxims that you can rationally will to everyone |
|
|
Define maxim |
A principle of behavior |
|
|
Define the principle of humanity |
Treat people as an end not a means |
|
|
According to kant what is the main problem with the golden rule |
It relies on ones desires |
|
|
Who matters in kantianism and the principle of humanity |
Those who are rational and autonomous |
|
|
4 problems with social contract theory |
1. Why would one follow rules made by someone they dont relate to 2. Why would I follow rules I didnt create 3. It is sometimes rational to break the contract 4. Membership in the moral community |
