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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the height of a wave's crest
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amplitude
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the pattern formed when light passes through a prism or diffraction grating to separate into the different frequencies of light it contains
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atomic emission system
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a mathematical expression describing the probability of finding an electron at various locations; usually represented by the region of space around the nucleus where theri is a high probability of finding an electron
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atomic orbital
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the rule that electrons occupy the orbitals of lowest energy first
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aufbau principle
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energy waves that travel in a vacuum at a speed of 2.998 x 10 (8) mls; includes radio waves, microwaves, infared waves, visible light, ultraviolet waves, x-rays, and gamma-rays
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electromagnetic radiation
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the arrangements of electrons of an atom in its ground state into various orbitals around the nuclei of atoms
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electron configurations
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the specific energies of an electron in an atom or other systems can have
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energy levels
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the number of wave cycles that pass a given point per unit of time; frequency and wavelength are inversely proportional to each other
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frequency
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the lowest possible energy or an electron described by quantum mechanics
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ground state
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it is impossible to know exactly both the velocity and the position of a particle at the same time
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Heisenberg uncertainty principle
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the unit of frequency, equal to one cycle per second
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hertz
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electrons occupy orbitals of the same energy in a way that makes the number or electrons with the same spin direction as large as possible
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Hund's rule
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an atomic orbital may describe at most two electrons, each with opposite spin directions
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Pauli exclusion principle
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a quantum of light; a discrete bundle of electromagnetic energy that interacts with matter similarily to particles.
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photons
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the amount of energy needed to move an elctron from one energy level to another
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quantum
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the modern description, primarily mathematical, of the behavior of electrons in atoms
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Quantum mechanical model
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wavelengths of visible light that are separated when a beam of light passes through a prism; range of wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation
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spectrum
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the distance berween adjacent crests of a wave
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wavelengths
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