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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What would result result in a fair form of peace, and who proposed this? |
Fourteen Points |
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What was involved in the fourteen points |
Ban on secret treaties, reduction in arms, countries shouldn't claim colonies, self determination Independence to Belgium, France to keep Alsace Lorraine, Poland to become independent and given "polish corridor" and a League of Nations to be set up |
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Who ruled France and what did they want from the Treaty of Versailles |
Georges Clemenceau: wanted harsh treaty to cripple Germany to prevent a future threat |
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Who ruled USA and what did they want from the Treaty of Versailles |
Woodrow Wilson: Didn't want harsh treaty, as they didn't want Germany coming back in revenge. Also 14 points |
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Who ruled Britain and what did they want from the Treaty of Versailles |
David Lloyd George: Didn't want Germany coming back in revenge but also wanted to be able to trade with Germany |
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When was the treaty signed |
June 1916 |
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What Land did Germany lose in the Treaty of Versailles? |
Alsace Lorraine to France, Saar-land to League of Nations, North Schleswig to Denmark, Lithuania independent, Estonia independent, Latvia independent, Danzig to League of Nations and West Prussia, Posen and Upper Silesia to Poland |
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What happened to the army because the Treaty of Versailles |
Army limited to 100,000, Conscription banned, no armored vehicles, submarines of military aircraft. Also the navy could only have 6 battle ships and 30 smaller ships |
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What did Germany have to pay (name) and how much? |
Reparations: £6,600 million |
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Article 231 of the League of Nations |
"War guilt clause" = Germany was responsible for starting the war |
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What was set up in the Treaty of Versailles? |
League of Nations |
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When was the League of Nations set up and how many original members? |
1920 and 42` |
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What members were missing from the start of the League of Nations |
USA, defeated nations (Germany, Austria) and USSR |
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What were the aims for the League? |
Prevent aggression Encourage co-operation Work towards disarmament Improve living/working conditions |
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Name the six main sections of the League |
Assembly,Council,Secretariat,Commissions,Permanent Court of International Justice, The International Labour Organisation (ILO) |
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What was the Assembly? |
Debating chamber of the league, contained all the members, who each had a vote. They met once a year. This section could elect permanent members to the council and suggest changes to existing to peace treaties |
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What was the Council? |
Met five times a year and in emergencies,it had 5 permanent members (Britain, France, Italy, Japan and Germany(1926)) and 4 temporary members(elected for 3 years at a time)Duty to solve disputes between states. The league would take action against the aggressors if a war was started. |
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What sanctions could the League impose? |
Moral condemnation, Economic sanctions and military force. |
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What does the Secretariat do? |
Carried out the administration of the League and kept records of meetings and created reports for the different sections of the League |
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What are the Commissions? |
Set up to carry out specialist work, some were temporary (Refugee commission) and some were more permanent (Commissions on slavery/health) |
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What is the Permanent Court of International Justice |
Made up of judges from the legal systems of the different countries. Gave decisions on disputes between countries |
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What is the The International Labour Organisation |
Aimed to improve working conditions. Met each year to set minimum standards and get people to adopt them. |
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When was the Manchurian crisis |
1931 |
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What caused the Manchurian crisis |
Wall street crash meant loss of trade for Japan, had to look for ways to expand to grow food. Manchuria was rich with natural resources. So faked Chinese attack on their railway as excuse to invade. |
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What happened during the Manchurian crisis? |
China appealed to he League, the Lytton Commission took a year to investigate, found Japan guilty. Japan asked to withdraw from Manchuria but the Japanese ignored this and left the League |
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What was Manchuria renamed to once Japan took over? |
Manchuko |
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What was the consequences of the Manchurian crisis? |
Encouraged later aggression by Italy and Germany as it showed the League couldn't cope with it. |
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Why did Italy invade Abyssinia |
To increase Mussolini's prestige and Italy's territories. Abyssinia wasn't in European colony Italy wanted revenge from defeat by Abyssinia at Battle of Adowa, 1896 |
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When did Italy invade Abyssinia |
1935 |
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Who was the emperor of Abyssinia? |
Haile Selassie |
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What happened in the Abyssinian crisis? |
Abyssinia appealed to League, league then started economic sanctions. These sanctions didn't include oil and Italy could still trade with USA. British foreign minister and France created Hoare-Laval pact to give some of Abyssinia to Italy to stop the conflict this was found out by the public and withdrawn. |
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What was the effects of the Abyssinian crisis? |
Showed league members were unwilling to use military actions. Hoare-Laval pact undermined the League |
