Pathology Quiz 4 Tumor Nomenclature

Front 1

Side 2: What system is used in naming tumors
Side 3: What two features are included in this naming system

Back 1

Binomial System

Hint 1

Tissue of origin (if known)
Predicted biologic behavior (benign or malignant)

Front 2

What is neoplasm

Back 2

New growth - an abnormal growth of tissue

Front 3

What are the size characteristics of a mass

Back 3

A large lump (about 0.5 cm or larger)

Front 4

What are the size characteristics of a nodule

Back 4

A small lump (smaller than 0.5 cm)

Front 5

What is a cyst

Back 5

Any closed, epithelial lined cavity, usually containing fluid or pasty material (pseudocysts are lined by connective tissue)

Front 6

What is a polyp

Back 6

A growth or mass protruding from a mucous membrane, usually on a stalk (pedunculated)

Front 7

What is a papilla

Back 7

A nipple-like or frond-like projection

Front 8

What is a sessile

Back 8

Sitting on a surface, without a stalk

Front 9

What two basic types of tissues give rise to tumors

Back 9

Mesenchymal (connective tissue)
Epithelial

Front 10

Side 2: What type of tissue do spindle cells belong to
Side 3: What types of cells are spindle cells

Back 10

Mesenchymal tissue

Hint 10

Fibroblasts, muscle (skeletal, cardiac, smooth), pericytes (cells surrounding blood vessels and nerves)

Front 11

Side 2: What type of tissue do matrix producing cells belong to
Side 3: What types of cells are included

Back 11

Mesenchymal tissue

Hint 11

Bone (osteocytes)
Cartilage (chondrocytes)

Front 12

Side 2: What type of tissue do blood and lymphoid forming elements (round cells) belong to
Side 3: What types of cells are included

Back 12

Mesenchymal tissue

Hint 12

Lymphoid cells
Hematopoietic cells (RBC precursor, WBC precursor, megakaryocytes (platelet cell formers))

Front 13

Side 2: What type of tissue do endothelial cells belong to
Side 3: Where are they located

Back 13

Mesenchymal tissue

Hint 13

Line blood vessels and lymph vessels

Front 14

Side 2: What type of tissue do cells forming the secretory portion of glands belong to
Side 3: What organs contain these cells

Back 14

Epithelial tissues

Hint 14

Salivary, mucous glands, sweat glands, mammary, liver, kidney, pancreas

Front 15

Side 2: What type of tissue do cells lining ducts conducting air, secretions, or excretions belong to
Side 3: What cells are included

Back 15

Epithelial tissues

Hint 15

Cella lining: ducts of exocrine glands (inc mammary) and air passages of lungs, skin (squamous epithelia), digestive system (enterocytes), urinary system (transiitional epithelium)

Front 16

What are the metastisis properties of
Side 2: Benign tumors
Side 3: Malignant tumors

Back 16

Does not metastasize, usually not danerous

Hint 16

Metastasis usual, can be fatal

Front 17

What are the growth characteristics of
Side 2: Benign tumors
Side 3: Malignant tumors

Back 17

Expansion or pedunculation
Grows slowly
growth may be limited

Hint 17

Expansion and infiltration (invasive)
Rapid growth
Progressive growth

Front 18

What is the appearance of
Side 2: Benign tumors
Side 3: Malignant tumors

Back 18

Well circumscribed, often encapsulated by a peripheral rim of fibrous tissue

Hint 18

Poorly circumscribed and invades stroma and vessels

Front 19

What are the excisional properties of
Side 2: Benign tumors
Side 3: Malignant tumors

Back 19

Excision usually curative

Hint 19

Local recurrence frequent

Front 20

What are the characteristics of supporting blood supply for
Side 2: Benign tumors
Side 3: Malignant tumors

Back 20

Adequate blood supply

Hint 20

Often outgrows blood supply and becomes necrotic

Front 21

What naming formula is used for a benign mesenchymal tumor

Back 21

Tissue type + oma
(benign neoplasm of lipcytes (fat cells) = lipoma (lipo + oma)

Front 22

What naming formula is used for a malignant mesenchymal tumor

Back 22

Tissue type + sarcoma
(malignant neoplasm of fibrous tissue = fibrosarcoma (fibro + sarcoma)

Front 23

What naming formula is used for a benign epithelial tumor

Back 23

Tissue type + adneoma
(benign mammary = mammary adenoma)

Front 24

What characteristics are used to make benign epi tumors more specific

Back 24

appearance or site
Central cystic areas = cystadenomas
Having stalk - papillary adenomas

Front 25

What is a polyp

Back 25

a benign tumor that projects from a mucosal surface (benign tumors of the respiratory tract and the non-squamous portions of the GI tract)

Front 26

What naming formula is used for a malignant epithelial tumor

Back 26

Tissue type + carcinoma
(malignant tumor of urinary bladder lining cells = transitional cell carcinoma)

Front 27

What is lymphoma

Back 27

Malignant lymphoid neoplasm

Front 28

What is a melenoma

Back 28

A malignancy of melanocytes (malignant melanoma)

Front 29

What is a myeloma

Back 29

A malignancy of plasma cells (malignant myeloma)

Front 30

When is the term 'undifferentiated' used to describe a tumor

Back 30

When a tumor is not recognizable by typical histologic methods

Front 31

Side 2: When is 'mixed' used to describe a tumor
Side 3: What are some properties

Back 31

When a tumor is composed of two distinct cell types (divergent differentiation of a precursor cell)

Hint 31

Generally derived from a single germ layer
Mixed mammary tumors are most common (epithelial and myoepithelial cells)
Can be benign or malignant

Front 32

What is a teratoma

Back 32

An uncommon neoplasm composed of neoplastic elements from more than one and often all three germ layers (most common in gonads)