Patho-Test 1

Front 1

Eukaryotes

Back 1

large,extensie anatomy and organization

Front 2

Prokaryotes

Back 2

no organelles, no distinct nucleus

Front 3

8 chief functions of how cells specialize

Back 3

movement, conductivity, metabolic absorption, secretion, excretion, respiration, reproduction, communication

Front 4

cellular adhesion (3)

Back 4

*plasma membrane (caveolae)
*extracellular matrix (collagen,elastin, fibronectin)
*specialized cell junctions (desmosomes, tight, gap)

Front 5

cellular communication

Back 5

*Goal is HOMEOSTASIS
*done by:protein(gap)channels, plasm membrane-bound signalling molecules(receptors), secrete chemicals

Front 6

active transport

Back 6

expends energy
*use energy from cellular metabolism
*receptors recognize substance

Front 7

passive transport

Back 7

no energy needed
*osmosis
*hydrostatic pressure
*diffusion

Front 8

movement of body fluids

Back 8

cell membranes are selectively permeable; water passes through easily; most ions and molecules move through much slower

Front 9

osmosis

Back 9

moving a liquid through the membrane from lesser to greater solute concentration; ~rate depends on concentration, temperation, electrical, differences between osmotic pressures

Front 10

osmotic pressure(osmolarity)

Back 10

pulling power for water: *depends on number of molecules in solution(the higher the concentration, the greater the puling power)
*rate is quicker

Front 11

Describe what happens when water follows solutes

Back 11

Blood:few solutes, lots of water
Cell:many solutes, less water

Front 12

Hypertonic

Back 12

higher osmotic pressure as RBC's (shrinks cell); pulls fluid AWAY from cells

Front 13

Hypotonic

Back 13

lower osmotic pressure than RBC's (enlarges cell); fluid MOVES INTO cells

Front 14

Isotonic

Back 14

same osmotic pressure as RBC's ; no fluid shift

Front 15

Plasma proteins affected by osmotic pressure

Back 15

Albumin: keeps fluid in intravascular compartment using osmotic pressure; hydrostatic pressure draws fluid back into capillaries

Front 16

diffusion

Back 16

moving a solid across the semipermeable membrane from higher concentration to a lower concentration to reach equilibrium

Front 17

filtration

Back 17

both water and solids move together in response to fluid pressure; seen in capillary beds; ACTIVE Transport (requires energy); uses carrier molecule to enter cell (glucose)