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64 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
What are the predisposing factors to caries history?
diet
fluid consumption
oral hygiene habits
level of undersanding and motivation
drug therapy impacting on salivary flow
mouth breathing
What are the requirements for good clinical examination?
good light
dry field
sharp probe
What visual signs do u look for in pits and fissure caries?
retentive surface
dark staining
white enamel
What do u look for in approximal caries?
if non-cavitated: shadowing and white caries

cavitated which can affect only the dentine or including the pulp
shadowing and reserse caries
What are the visual features of cervical margin caries?
whitespot/non cavitated
cavitated - involving dentine
or extensive
What visual signs to look for in root caries
Occurs subgingivally
May occur in conjunction with abfraction lesions
what are abfraction lesions?
Abfraction lesions are small cracks or notches in your teeth caused by chewing.
What are Class 1 to 5 mean?
1: pits and fissure
2: posterior approximal
3. anterior approximal
4: anterior approximal with incisal edge
5: smooth surface
What are Mount and Hume classification?
Two numbers: First is site and second is size
The three sites in Mount and Hume (MI) are?
1. pits and fissures
2. approximal surfaces
3. cervical areas
The size classification in MI is?
Size 0: small and early enough to be remineralised (no restoration necessary)
Size 1: minimal dentinal spread (just beyond size 0)
Size 2: Moderate involvement of dentine
Size 3: enlarged with weakened cusps or incisal edges
Size 4: extensive loss of tooth structure
What is 2.3 on tooth 12 mean? (MI)
Caries on approximal surface moderate involvement of dentine
Label
a. Distal
b. facial
c. lingual
d. gingival
e. pulpal
f. axial
What is Carvosurface margin?
Junction(ridge) between the external wall and the prepared wall
Carvosurface angle
Angle formed by the junction of a prepared wall and the external surface of the tooth
Enamel Wall
The enamel wall is that portion of a prepared external wall consisting of enamel
Dentinal Wall
The dentinal wall is that portion of a prepared external wall consisting of dentin, in which mechanical retention features may be located
What are the aims of cavity design?
remove caries
restore aesthetics and function
What are the steps involved in cavity design?
Figure out access
Outline form
Resistance form
Retention form
Convenience form
Removal of carious dentine
Cavity debridement
What are the factors involved in access?
conservative, aesthetically acceptable, direct to caries, simple route to the dentine
What are Outline Form Factors?
Anatomy of tooth surface
Extent of peripheral caries
Removal of fractured and unsupported enamel
Conservation of tooth structure
What is resistance form? What are the determining factors?
Form of preparation to resist fracture of tooth.
Flat pulpal floor
Smooth outline
Cap weak cusps
Adequate bulk restorative material
What is retention form?
Preparation form for mechanical retention. Eg. Amalgam
What is convenience form?
Suitable size and shape to enable proper placement of restoration
This compromises conservation of tooth structure
Summarise Clinical Steps in Restoring a Tooth
Establish the required outline at minimum depth
Satisfy retention, resistance, convenience form requirements
Remove deeper caries
Complete cavity
Pulp therapy, lining, seal tubules as required
Apply matrix
Bonding procedures
Restoration placement
What are the factors for the preparation?
Carious lesion extension, tooth morphology and function
What is the maximum increment depth for composite restoration?
2mm
Define C factor
C factor= (Bonded surface)/(Unbonded surface)
Class I would have C Factor of what?
5/1 = 5
What are the contraindications of composite restoration?
Tooth is under heavy occlusal stress
Tooth cannot be isolated
Patient is allergic or sensitive to composite
What are preoperative procedures of composite restoration?
Clinical and radiographic examination
Plaque removal
Shade selection
Occlusal analysis
When polishing composite what is the order of colours to use?
yellow
grey
white
How do u check the occlusion?
using articulating paper
What does it mean by MI 2.2-4?
proximal caries with moderate (involving dentine) to extensive caries lesion
What are the advantages of composite restoration?
aesthetics
more conservative restorations
biocompatible
durable
predictable
What are the preoperative procedures for composite restoration?
radiographic examination
plaque removal
shade selection
occlusal analysis
Should you bevel in posterior preparation?
no. it increases restoration size occlusally and proximally
jeopardizes enamel at cavosurface margin
What is the ideal carvosurface angle in posterior prep?
larger than 90 degrees
Incorrect placement of matrix would result in what?
overhanging
incorrect proximal contouring
inadequate contact point
under or overfilling the retorative material
when is beveling acceptable?
for anterior surface restorations eg Class III, IV, and V
Where there are enough enamel support
what are sub classification of cutting hand instruments?
chisels and excavators
give example of a chisel and a excavator
chisel: gingival margin trimmer

excavator: spoon excavator
give advantages of rubber dam usage
soft tissue protection
prevention of inhaling or swallowing
protect from chemicals
isolation
what are the usage of high speed hp?
removing previous restoration
creating outline form
initial caries removal
when do u use low speed hp?
refine cavity, remove caries, polish
which bur to use for removing amalgam?
tungsten carbide bur
With tactile examination, how does cavitated enamel lesion feel?
chalky
Classify the criteria for radiographic criteria for caries diagnosis
1 incipient: < half way thru enamel
2 moderate: > half way thru enamel
3 advanced: <half way thru dentine
4 severe: > half way thru dentine
when to use fissure sealant?
at risk patient

poor oral hygiene
inappropriate diet
poorly motivated parent/patient
disabled patient
Which tooth can be applied with fissure sealants?
upper and lower molars
what medical conditions for fissure sealants?
xerostima
mouth breather
mental disability
existing caries
Sjogrens syndrome
Do u use fissure sealants on 8 year old with dark stained molars?
no. it's arrested caries.
not needed
what are non invasive method of diagnosis?
vision
probing
trans illumination
bitewing radiograph
laser fluorescence
what are invasive methods of caries diagnosis?
enamel biopsy
air abrasion
If the fissure is sound then do u apply fissure sealant?
no, but monitor 6 monthly
When to apply sealants only?
when patient is in a low risk group
less than two other caries in a well maintained mouth
take BW radiograph to eliminate possibility of occult caries
When to use compostie and fissure sealant?
decalicified fissure on high risk group
enamel biopsy is indicated
When to use GIC and sealant?
Enamel biopsy shows caries extends just into denine
minimal lateral spread
Features of resin sealants?
flowable (low viscosity)
release fluoride
better retention rates
What are the prepartion for resin sealant?
pumice / water slurry with rubber prophy cup
then wash thoroughly
then etch with 35% phosphoric acid for 15 seconds and wash
what is the extent of etching areas?
beyond the fissures so that all enamel surfaces are sealed
what is the maximum and minimum time for etching?
15 minimum
60 maximum
what is involved in prep for GIC sealants?
isolation
use conditioner rather than etchant
20% poly acrylic acid
what is the purpose of using conditioner for GIC prep?
removes smear layer