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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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how many cases of cancer diagnosed in 2015?
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180000
3500/week |
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how many canadians died from cancer in 2015
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75000 (1400/week)
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% of women and men that will develop cancer
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45%
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other facts..
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review: concept of detection threshold and fatal burden of disease
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Define: prognostic markers
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Prognostic markers (non-modifiable)
• Indicate the likelihood of a specific outcome regardless of thetreatment received • intrinsic patient characteristics (Examples of specific outcomes:survival (cure rate), recurrence rate) |
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examples of prognostic markers:
3 disease factors 3 patient factors |
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disease factors: examples of cancers with a very aggressive natural Hx
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1. SCLC
2. acute leukemia 3. agressive lymphomas |
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explain:
prognosis of SCLC with chemo without chemo |
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Explain
Prognosis of agressive lymphoma with and without chemotx |
Inthis cancer chemotx CURES 50% of people. Thedisease itself brings a lot of information to the table.
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example of cancers with indolent course that may not be altered by tx
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prostate cancer
indolent lymphomas |
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review: TNM staging for solid tumor
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HISTOLOGIC GRADES 1-3
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Breast cancer: what % are hormone sensitive and what does this mean
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•75%of breast cancers are “hormone sensitive” (i.e. tumour cells test + for hormone receptors)
•normalbreast tissue is hormone sensitive •ahormone sensitive breast cancer is behaving more like normal breast tissue andassociated with better prognosis •hormonereceptor negative cancers associated with poorer prognosis |
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Lymphomas:
1. associated Sx 2. associated biomarker |
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Idea behind adjuvant therapy
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2 cancers with poorer prognosis in younger patients
2 cancers with poorer prognosis in older patients |
younger = worse
1. breast ca 2. colon ca older = worse 1 .leukemia 2. lymphoma |
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ECOG performance Status from 1-4
(explains why oncologists won't rush over to see a bedridden patient) |
below dotted line = end of life phase..
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note: co-morbidities can affect cancer prognosis
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1. may adversely impact life expectancy
2. may lead to inability to treat agressively 3. increased toxicity from tx |
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define: predictive markers
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predict likelihood of response to a specific therapy
helps the physician individualize tx based on specific features of the tumor |
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comparison of predictive markers vs. prognostic markers
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example of a predictive marker in breast Ca (2)
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1. hormone receptor status: predicts response to hormonal therapy
2. her2 status: predicts a response to trastuzumab |
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example of predictive factor in colon cancers
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