Nur 112 - Test #1

Front 1

Feeling of apprehension, uneasiness, uncertainty, or dread resulting from a real or perceived threat whose actual source is unknown or unrecognized

Back 1

anxiety

Front 2

Reaction to a specific danger, and more often the body reacts "with surges of autonomic arousal necessary for fight or flight, thoughts of immediate danger, and escape behaviors"

Back 2

fear

Front 3

A healthy life force that is necessary for survival.

Prompts constructive behaviors.

Back 3

normal anxiety

Front 4

also known as state anxiety

precipitated by an imminent loss or change that threatens an individual's sense of security

a normal and expected response to stress

crisis involves the experience of this

Back 4

acute anxiety

Front 5

Usually more chronic in nature, person experiences it for a long time

Differs from normal form in terms of duration, intensity, and disturbance in a person's ability to function

Back 5

pathologic anxiety

Front 6

A major means of managing conflict; relatively unconscious; discrete from one another; often the hallmarks of major psychiatric syndromes; are reversible; adaptive as well as pathological

ego-oriented protective behavior that can fluctuate dependent on individual nees

Back 6

defense mechanisms

Front 7

altruism, sublimation, humor, suppression

Back 7

healthy defenses

Front 8

repression, displacement, reaction formation, somatization, undoing, rationalization

Back 8

intermediate defenses

Front 9

passive aggression, acting-out behaviors, dissociation, devaluation, idealization, splitting, projection, denial

Back 9

immature defenses

Front 10

1. emotional conflicts and stressors are addressed by meeting the needs of others

2. exclusion of unpleasant or unwanted experiences, emotions, or ideas from conscious awareness

Back 10

1. altruism (healthy)

2. repression (intermediate)

Front 11

1. individual deals with emotional conflict or stressors by indirectly and unassertively expressing aggression toward others

2. unconscious process of substituting constructive and socially acceptable activity for strong impulses that are not acceptable in their original form

Back 11

1. passive aggression (immature)

2. sublimation (healthy)

Front 12

1. transfer of emotions associated with a particular person, object, or situation to another person, object, or situation that is nonthreatening

2. individual addresses emotional conflicts or stressors by actions rather than by reflections or feelings

Back 12

1. displacement (intermediate)

2. acting-out behaviors (immature)

Front 13

1. deal with emotional conflicts or stressors by emphasizing the amusing or ironic aspects of the conflict or stressor

2. unacceptable feelings or behaviors are kept out of awareness by developing the opposite behavior or emotion

Back 13

1. humor (healthy)

2. reaction formation (intermediate)

Front 14

1. disruption in the usually integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity, or perception of the environment

2. conscious denial of a disturbing situation or feeling

Back 14

1. dissociation (immature)

2. suppression (healthy)

Front 15

1. transforming anxiety on an unconscious level into a physical symptom that has no organic cause

2. emotional conflicts or stressors are handled by attributing negative qualities to self or others

Back 15

1. somatization (intermediate)

2. devaluation (immature)

Front 16

1. compensates for an act or communication; can be viewed as cleansing oneself of an act or thought perceived as unacceptable

2. emotional conflicts or stressors are addressed by attributing exaggerated positive qualities to others

Back 16

1. undoing (intermediate)

2. idealization (immature)

Front 17

1. inability to integrate the positive an negative qualities of oneself or others into a cohesive image

2. justifying illogical or unreasonable ideas, actions, or feelings by developing acceptable explanations that satisfy the teller as well as the listener

Back 17

1. splitting (immature)

2. rationalization (intermediate)

Front 18

1. person unconsciously rejects emotionally unacceptable personal features and attributes them to other people, objects, or situations

2. escaping unpleasant realities by ignoring their existence

Back 18

1. projection (immature)

2. denial (immature)

Front 19

Functions of the limbic system:

Back 19

- appraisal of emotional stimuli

- initiation of emotional responses

- cessation of reactivity after external stressors subside and the restoration of the nervous system to a state of homeostasis

Front 20

Functions of the:

frontal cortex

hypothalamus

hippocampus

amygdala

Back 20

fc - cognitive interpretations (e.g. potential threat)

hypo - activation of the stress reponse (fight or flight)

hippo - associated with memory related to fear responses

amy - fear, especially related to phobic and panic disorders

Front 21

Three main mediators of anxiety in the CNS

Back 21

serotonin, norepinephrine, GABA

Front 22

Conceptualize anxiety as a learned response that can be unlearned

Back 22

behavioral theory

Front 23

anxiety disorders are a result of distortions in an individual's thinking and perceiving

Back 23

cognitive theory

Front 24

Refers to a number of disorders, including panic disorders, phobias, general anxiety disorders.

Back 24

anxiety disorders

Front 25

Sudden onset of extreme apprehension or fear, usually associated with feelings of impending doom

normal function is suspended, the perceptual field is severely limited, and misinterpretation of reality may occur

Back 25

panic attack

Front 26

Persistent, intense irrational fear of a specific object, activity, or situation that leads to a desire for avoidance, or actual avoidance, of the object, activity, or situation

Back 26

phobia

Front 27

....characterized by the experience of high levels of anxiety or fear in response to specific objects or situations

common and usually do not cause much difficulty

Back 27

specific phobias

Front 28

....characterized by severe anxiety or fear provoked by exposure to a social situation or performance situation, resulting in humiliation or embarrassment

Back 28

social anxiety disorders (SADs) or social phobias

Front 29

Intense, excessive anxiety about or fear of being in places or situations where help might not be available and escape might be either difficult or embarrassing.

Back 29

agoraphobia

Front 30

Chronic psychiatric disorder associated with severe distress different from other anxiety disorders in that there is pervasive cognitive dysfunction, impaired functioning, and poor health-related outcomes.

Back 30

generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)

Front 31

thoughts, impulses, or images that persist and recur so that they cannot be dismissed from the mind

Back 31

obsessions

Front 32

ritualistic behaviors that an individual feels driven to perform in an attempt to reduce anxiety

Back 32

compulsions

Front 33

A state of physical, emotional, and mentally exhaustion caused by long-term involvement in emotionally demanding situations.

Back 33

burnout

Front 34

Provide education, address cognitive distortions, and present behavioral approaches in an attempt to reduce symptoms and increase involvement with others and the environment.

Back 34

cognitive behavioral therapies (CBTs)

Front 35

modeling, systematic desensitization, response prevention, thought stopping

Back 35

examples of relaxation training

Front 36

Use to treat the somatic and psychological symptoms of anxiety disorders.

Benzodiazepines most commonly Rx.

Should be used for short periods only.

Back 36

anxiolytic drugs also called antianxiety drugs

Front 37

A powerful form of communication that occurs within an individual.

Back 37

Intrapersonal communication

Front 38

One-on-one interaction between a nurse and another person that often occurs face to face.

Back 38

Interpersonal communication

Front 39

Interaction that occurs within a person's spiritual domain.

Back 39

Transpersonal communication.

Front 40

Interaction that occurs when a small number of persons meet. This type of communication is usually goal directed and requires an understand of group dynamics.

Back 40

Small-group communication

Front 41

Interaction with an audience.

Type of communication

Back 41

Public communication

Front 42

Motivates one person to communicate with another.

Back 42

referent

Front 43

Means of conveying and receiving messages through visual, auditory, and tactile senses.

Back 43

channels

Front 44

Factors within both the sender and receiver that influence communication

Back 44

interpersonal variables

Front 45

The shade or interpretation of the meaning of a word influenced by the thoughts, feelings, or ideas people have about the word.

Back 45

connotative meaning

Front 46

Broad term that refers to all factors that influence communication.

Back 46

metacommunication

Front 47

Allows you to express feelings and ideas without judging or hurting others.

Includes intermittent eye contact; nonverbal communication that reflects interest, honesty, and active listening; spontaneous verbal responses with a confident voice; and culturally sensitive use of touch and space.

Back 47

assertiveness

Front 48

Specific responses that encourage the expression of feelings and ideas and convey acceptance and respect.

Back 48

therapeutic communication

Front 49

...means being attentive to what a patient is saying both verbally and nonverbally.

Back 49

active listening

Front 50

interactive process that promotes learning

consists of a conscious, deliberate set of actions that help individuals gain new knowledge, change attitudes, adopt new behaviors, or perform new skills

Back 50

teaching

Front 51

purposeful acquisition of new knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and skills

Back 51

learning

Front 52

learning domain that includes all intellectual behaviors and requires thinking

intended to increase a patient's knowledge of a subject

Back 52

cognitive

Front 53

learning domain that deals with expression of feelings and acceptance of attitudes, opinions, or values

education that is intended to change attitudes

Back 53

affective

Front 54

learning domain the involves acquiring skills that require the integration of mental and muscular activity such as the ability to walk or use an eating utensil

skill teaching

Back 54

psychomotor

Front 55

the mental state that allows the learner to focus on and comprehend a learning activity

Back 55

attentional set

Front 56

force that acts on or within a person to cause the person to behave in a particular way

Back 56

motivation

Front 57

concept included in social learning theory that refers to a person's perceived ability to successfully complete a task

Back 57

self-efficacy

Front 58

the cognitive and social skills that determine the motivation and ability of individuals to gain access to, understand, and use information in ways that promote and maintain good health

Back 58

health literacy

Front 59

the inability to read above a fifth-grade level

Back 59

functional illiteracy

Front 60

...requires using a stimulus that increases the probability for a response

Back 60

reinforcement

Front 61

supplement verbal instruction with familiar images that make complex information more real and understandable

Back 61

analogies

Front 62

a process of assisting people to learn health related behaviors so that they can incorporate these behaviors into everyday life

Back 62

patient education

Front 63

theory of health behavior

individual perceptions of susceptibility to and severity of disease are the primary motivators for making attempts to change health behavior

for an individual to change their behavior there must be a belief that illness can be avoided and that taking action can reduce the risk

Back 63

Health Belief Model

Front 64

attempt to depict multidimensional nature of person's interacting with their interpersonal and physical environment as they pursue health

expands view of patient motivation to include social supports and competing priorities as factors to consider

focused on achieving optimum wellness rather than avoiding disease; considers pts previous experiences

Back 64

Health Promotion Model

Front 65

nursing theory

optimizing the pts ability to assume responsibility for his/her own care and that motivation is based on the anticipation of resuming this responsibility

Back 65

Self-Care Deficit Theory

Front 66

the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the dx and tx of human response and advocacy in the care of pts, families, communities, and populations

Back 66

Nursing Practice

Front 67

methods used to treat kids

Back 67

pedagogy

Front 68

methods used to teach adults

Back 68

androgogy