New Bio Exam 3

Front 1

Photosynthesis is a redox reaction. This means that H2O is _____ during the light reactions and CO2 is _____ during the Calvin cycle.

Back 1

oxidized...reduced

Front 2

The overall function of the Calvin cycle is _____.

Back 2

making sugar

Front 3

The ultimate source of energy to support most life on Earth is _____

Back 3

sunlight

Front 4

The photosynthetic membranes are found in the _____ in plant cells

Back 4

chloroplasts

Front 5

Why are there often so many steps between the original signal event and the cell's response?

Back 5

Each step in a cascade produces a large number of activated products, causing signal amplification as the cascade progresses.

Front 6

To what does the term "ligand" refer in cell biology?

Back 6

any small molecule that can bind in a specific manner to a larger one

Front 7

Photosynthesis is a redox reaction. This means that H2O is _____ during the light reactions and CO2 is _____ during the Calvin cycle.

Back 7

oxidized...reduced

Front 8

The overall function of the Calvin cycle is _____.

Back 8

making sugar

Front 9

The ultimate source of energy to support most life on Earth is _____

Back 9

sunlight

Front 10

The photosynthetic membranes are found in the _____ in plant cells

Back 10

chloroplasts

Front 11

Why are there often so many steps between the original signal event and the cell's response?

Back 11

Each step in a cascade produces a large number of activated products, causing signal amplification as the cascade progresses.

Front 12

To what does the term "ligand" refer in cell biology?

Back 12

any small molecule that can bind in a specific manner to a larger one

Front 13

Why can a signaling molecule cause different responses in different cells?

Back 13

The transduction process is unique to each cell type; to respond to a signal, different cells require only a similar membrane receptor.

Front 14

Which of the following is a substance that acts at a long distance from the site at which it is secreted?

Back 14

hormone

Front 15

A human bone marrow cell, in prophase of mitosis, contains 46 chromosomes. How many chromatids does it contain?

Back 15

92

Front 16

Which of the following is found in binary fission but not in mitosis?

Back 16

Duplicated chromosomes attach to the plasma membrane.

Front 17

Which of the following correctly matches a phase of the cell cycle with its description

Back 17

G1: follows cell division

Front 18

Cells will usually divide if they receive the proper signal at a checkpoint in which phase of the cell cycle?

Back 18

G1

Front 19

Mitosis results in the formation of how many cells; meiosis results in the formation of how many cells?

Back 19

two diploid cells ... four haploid cells

Front 20

Asexual reproduction _____

Back 20

produces offspring genetically identical to the parent

Front 21

How are sister chromatids and homologous chromosomes different from each other?

Back 21

Homologous chromosomes contain the same gene loci but may have different alleles of a particular gene. Sister chromatids are identical copies of each other produced during DNA replication.

Front 22

What number and types of chromosomes are found in a human somatic cell?

Back 22

44 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes

Front 23

Photosynthesis is a redox reaction. This means that H2O is _____ during the light reactions and CO2 is _____ during the Calvin cycle.

Back 23

oxidized...reduced

Front 24

The overall function of the Calvin cycle is _____.

Back 24

making sugar

Front 25

The ultimate source of energy to support most life on Earth is _____

Back 25

sunlight

Front 26

The photosynthetic membranes are found in the _____ in plant cells

Back 26

chloroplasts

Front 27

Why are there often so many steps between the original signal event and the cell's response?

Back 27

Each step in a cascade produces a large number of activated products, causing signal amplification as the cascade progresses.

Front 28

To what does the term "ligand" refer in cell biology?

Back 28

any small molecule that can bind in a specific manner to a larger one

Front 29

Why can a signaling molecule cause different responses in different cells?

Back 29

The transduction process is unique to each cell type; to respond to a signal, different cells require only a similar membrane receptor.

Front 30

Which of the following is a substance that acts at a long distance from the site at which it is secreted?

Back 30

hormone

Front 31

A human bone marrow cell, in prophase of mitosis, contains 46 chromosomes. How many chromatids does it contain?

Back 31

92

Front 32

Which of the following is found in binary fission but not in mitosis?

Back 32

Duplicated chromosomes attach to the plasma membrane.

Front 33

Which of the following correctly matches a phase of the cell cycle with its description

Back 33

G1: follows cell division

Front 34

Cells will usually divide if they receive the proper signal at a checkpoint in which phase of the cell cycle?

Back 34

G1

Front 35

Mitosis results in the formation of how many cells; meiosis results in the formation of how many cells?

Back 35

two diploid cells ... four haploid cells

Front 36

Asexual reproduction _____

Back 36

produces offspring genetically identical to the parent

Front 37

How are sister chromatids and homologous chromosomes different from each other?

Back 37

Homologous chromosomes contain the same gene loci but may have different alleles of a particular gene. Sister chromatids are identical copies of each other produced during DNA replication.

Front 38

What number and types of chromosomes are found in a human somatic cell?

Back 38

44 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes

Front 39

Which of the following is not a component of photosynthesis

Back 39

Citric Acid Cycle

Front 40

Chloroplasts generate a proton gradient

Back 40

across the thylakoid membrane

Front 41

When during photosynthesis is the proton gradient established across the thylakoid membrane?

Back 41

in the light reactions

Front 42

What re the metabolic end products of the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Back 42

O2, ATP, NADPH

Front 43

What is the primary function of the calvin cycle?

Back 43

synthesize simple sugars from carbon dioxide

Front 44

The Calvin Cycle produces ATP, True or False?

Back 44

False

Front 45

The electrons of photosystem 2 are excited and transferred to electron carriers. From which molecule or structure do the photosystem 2 replacement electrons come?

Back 45

water

Front 46

In photosynthetic cells, synthesis of atp by the chemiosmotic mechanism occurs during_____?

Back 46

photosynthesis and respiration

Front 47

In a plant, the reactions that produce molecular oxygen(O2) take place in___.

Back 47

the light reactions alone

Front 48

Why are C4 plants able to photosynthesize with no apparent photorespiration?

Back 48

They use pep carboxylase to initially fix CO2

Front 49

Indicated where oxygen should be in this diagram and explain its role in photosynthesis?

Back 49

Diagram jess has

Front 50

What are the three stages of cell signaling?

Back 50

reception, transduction, response

Front 51

Hormones are chemical substances produced I one organt hat are released into the bloodstream and affect the function of a target organ. For the target organ to respond to a particular hormone, it must____?

Back 51

have receptors that recognize and bind

Front 52

Binding of a signaling molecule to which type of receptor leads directly to a change in the distribution of ions on opposite sides of the membrane?

Back 52

Ligand gated ion channel

Front 53

What accounts for the ability of a hormone which is present in only very small amounts, to elicit such large responses in cells?

Back 53

amplification of the signal

Front 54

G protein coupled receptors distinctive feature_____?

Back 54

Activation of a G protein

Front 55

Which best describes what a plasma membrane spanning receptor actually does upon reception of a signal?

Back 55

binding of a signal molecule alters the receptors other binding sites and activities.

Front 56

The first gap in the cell cycle G1 corresponds to___?

Back 56

Normal growth and cell function

Front 57

The mitotic spindle is a microtubular structure is involved in_____?

Back 57

D

Front 58

Which of the following does NOT need to happen during a successful mitotic cell division?

Back 58

exchange of dna

Front 59

Through a microscope you can see a cell plate beginning to develop across the middle of a cell and nuclei forming on either side of the cell plate. This cell is most likely___?

Back 59

A plant cell in cytokinesis

Front 60

Metaphase is characterized by____?

Back 60

aligning chromosomes on the equator

Front 61

At which phase are centrioles beginning to move apart in animal cells?

Back 61

Prophase

Front 62

At what part of the cell cycle would you see chromosomes that looks like this?

Back 62

M

Front 63

During which phase of mitosis do the chromatids become chromosomes?

Back 63

anaphase

Front 64

From prophase through metaphase of mitosis each chromosome has___DNA molecules while from anaphase trough telophase of mitosis, each chromosome has ____ DNA molecule(s)?

Back 64

two;one

Front 65

A research team began a study of a cultured cell line. Their prelim. Observations showed them that the cell line did not exhibit either density dependent inhibition or anchorage dependence. What could they conclude right away?

Back 65

cell shows characteristic of tumor

Front 66

Which of the following is true of a species that has a chromosome number of 2n=16?

Back 66

each diploid has 8 homologus

Front 67

Homologus chromosomes _____?

Back 67

carry info for the same traits

Front 68

Diploid cells may undergo either mitosis or meiosis. Haploid cells may undergo mitosis for certain species but not meiosis because?

Back 68

homologus chromosomes cannot pair

Front 69

Gametes produced from one meiotic event

Back 69

each have same chromosome number

Front 70

How and at what stage do chromosomes undergo independent assortment?

Back 70

meiosis 1 metaphase alignment

Front 71

Crossing over begins to occur during

Back 71

prophase 1

Front 72

Which of the following occurs in meiosis but not in mitosis?

Back 72

synapsis of chromosomes