Neuroanatomy Lab 4: Gross Anatomy Of The Cerebellum

Front 1

What cerebellar feature is indicated by the white arrow?

Back 1

The Vermis.

Front 2

What cerebellar fissure is indicated by the white arrow?

Back 2

The Primary Fissure

Front 3

What cerebellar fissure is indicated by the white arrow?

Back 3

The Horizontal Fissure.

Front 4

What are the convolutions on the exterior surface of the cerebellum called?

Back 4

Folia, (Folium, singular)

Front 5

What is the relationship between the Horizontal Fissure and the Posterolateral Fissure?

Back 5

They are continuous with each other.
The Horizontal Fissure is on the superior surface, and becomes the Posterolateral Fissure on the inferior surface.

Front 6

What does the outer surface of the Cerebellum consist of?

Back 6

The Cortex.
It is grey matter consisting of three cell layers.

Front 7

How many lobes are in the cerebellum?
What are they called?

Back 7

Three lobes:
1) Anterior Lobe
2) Posterior Lobe (or Middle Lobe)
3) Flocculo-Nodular Lobe.

Front 8

What lobe of the cerebellum is indicated by the orange arrows?

What are its boundaries?

Back 8

The Anterior Lobe.

It lies between the Primary Fissure and the Cerebellar Peduncles.

Front 9

What lobe of the cerebellum is indicated by the orange arrows?

What are its boundaries?

Back 9

The Posterior (or Middle) Lobe.

It extends from the Primary Fissure posteriorly until the Posterolateral Fissure.

Front 10

What lobe of the cerebellum is indicated by the orange arrow?

What are its boundaries?

Back 10

The Flocculo-Nodular Lobe

It is bordered posteriorly by the Posterolateral Fissure, and anteriorly by the Cerebellar Peduncles.

Front 11

Which lobe of the Cerebellum is phylogenetically the oldest?

Back 11

The Flocculo-Nodular Lobe.

Front 12

What structures are indicated by the orange arrows?

Back 12

They are the Flocculi (s. Flocculus) of the Flocculo-Nodular Lobe.

Front 13

What is the vernal portion of the Flocculo-Nodular Lobe called?

Back 13

It is the Nodule.

Front 14

How many regions does the Vermis divide into?

Back 14

There are nine:
1) Lingula, 2) Centralis, 3) Culmen, 4) Declive, 5) Folium, 6) Tuber, 7) Pyramis, 8) Uvula, 9) Nodulus.
(do not memorize)

Front 15

What fissure is indicated by the blue arrow?

Back 15

The Primary Fissure.
(Between the Culmen and the Declive)

Front 16

Which lobe is indicated by the blue arrow?

Back 16

The Anterior Lobe, distinguished by its location anterior to the Primary Fissure.

Front 17

Which lobe is indicated by the blue arrow?

Back 17

The Posterior (or Middle) Lobe, distinguished by its location dorsal to the Primary Fissure.

Front 18

What is the white matter seen on the medial surface of a hemisection called?

Back 18

The Arbor Vitae (tree of life)

Front 19

What is found at the terminal ends of the Arbor Vitae?

Back 19

The Folia, which are covered in the gray matter of the cerebellar cortex.

Front 20

What structure is indicated by the orange arrow?

Back 20

The Middle Cerebellar Peduncle.

Front 21

What structure is indicated by the orange arrow?

Back 21

The Superior Cerebellar Peduncle.

Front 22

What structure is indicated by the red arrow?

Back 22

The Dentate Nucleus

Front 23

Where do the axons of the Dentate Nucleus go?

Back 23

They exit the cerebellum through the Superior Peduncle.

From there they project to the thalamus.

Front 24

What spinal tracts enter the cerebellum through the Superior Cerebellar Peduncle?

Back 24

The Ventral Spinocerebellar Tracts.

(It also receives afferents from the mesencephalic nucleus of CN V, and the locus ceruleus)

Front 25

What are the two components of the Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle?

Back 25

The medial portion is the Justarestiform Body, and the Restiform Body forms the lateral portion. They cannot be distinguished grossly.

Front 26

How do vestibulo-cerebellar fibers enter the cerebellum?

Back 26

Through the Justarestiform Body of the Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle.

Hint 26

They project from the Vestibular Ganglia directly to the cerebellum as well as from the Vestibular Nuclei. As well, the Justarestiform Body carries efferent fibers from the cerebellum to the vestibular nuclei.

Front 27

What is carried by the Restiform Body of the Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle?

Back 27

Fibers afferent to the cerebellum from (and through) the medulla oblongata (not including vestibular input).

Front 28

What is the source of fibers in the Middle Cerebral Peduncle?

Back 28

It is exclusively axons derived from the Pontine Nuclei (afferent to the cerebellum), and a continuation of the Transverse Pontine fibers.

Hint 28

This pontocerebellar pathway is a continuation of the corticopontine fibres which carried information from the Primary Motor Cortex.