Muscles Of Upper Limb

Front 1

Trapezius

Back 1

O: Occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae, spine of C7, spines of T1-12.
Ins: Lat 1/3 of clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula.
Inn: Spinal part of accessory n XI
Funct: Elevation, medial movement and inf. movement of scapula.

Front 2

Latissimus dorsi

Back 2

O: Iliac crest, lumbar fascia, spines of T6-12, lower 3-4 ribs, inf. scapula.
I: Intertubercular sulcus (bicipital groove) of humerus.
Inn: Thoracodorsal n. (C6-8).
Func: Ext., adduct., med. rotation of arm.

Front 3

Levator scapulae

Back 3

O: Transv. processes of C1-4.
I: Med. border of scapula (sup. part).
Inn: Dorsal scapular n. and C3 + C4.
Func: Elevates medial part of scapula.

Front 4

Rhomboid minor

Back 4

O: Ligamentum nuchae, spines of C7 and T1.
I: Medial border of scapula (middle part).
Inn: Dorsal scapular n. (C4-5).
Func: Elevates med. border of scapula superiorly and medially.

Front 5

Rhomboid major

Back 5

O: Spines of T2-5.
I: Medial border of scapula (inf. part).
Inn: Dorsal scapular n. (C4-5)
Func: Elevates medial border of scapula superiorly and medially.

Front 6

Pectoralis major

Back 6

O: Clavicle, sternum, and upper six costal cartilages.
I: Crest of greater tubercle.
Inn: Med. and lat. pectoral nerves (C5-T1).
Func: Adducts and medially rotates arm. Clavicular fibers flex arm.

Front 7

Pectoralis minor

Back 7

O: 3-4th ribs.
I: Coracoid process of scapula.
Inn: Medial pectoral nerve (C6-8).
Func: Depresses shoulder.

Front 8

Subclavius

Back 8

O: First costal cart.
I: Clavicle.
Inn: Nerve to subclavius (C5-6).
Func: Depresses clavicle and stabilizes it during shoulder movement.

Front 9

Serratus anterior

Back 9

O: Upper eight ribs.
I: Medial border and inf. angle of scap.
Inn: Long thoracic nerve (C5-7).
Func: Lat. rotates and protracts scapula.

Front 10

Deltoid

Back 10

O: Lateral third clavicle, acromion, spine of scapula.
I: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus.
Inn: Axillary nerve (C5-6).
Func: Abducts arm, flexion and medial rotation, extension and lateral rotation of arm.

Front 11

Supraspinatus

Back 11

O: Supraspinous fossa of scapula.
I: Greater tuberosity of humerus.
Inn: Suprascapular n. (C4-6).
Func: Abducts arm and stabilizes shoulder joint.

Front 12

Infraspinatus

Back 12

O: Infraspinous fossa of scapula.
I: Greater tuberosity of humerus.
Inn: Suprascapular n. (C4-C6).
Func: Lateral rotation of arm and stabilizes shoulder joint.

Front 13

Teres major

Back 13

O: Lower third of lateral border of scap.
I: Crest of lesser tubercle.
Inn: Lower subscapular n. (C6-7).
Func: Medially rotates and adducts arm and stabilizes shoulder joint.

Front 14

Teres minor

Back 14

O: Upper 2/3 of lat. border of scapula.
I: Greater tuberosity of humerus.
Inn: Axillary nerve (C4-C6).
Func: Laterally rotates and stabilizes shoulder joint.

Front 15

Subscapularis

Back 15

O: Subscapular fossa.
I: Lesser tuberosity of humerus.
Inn: Upper and lower subscapular nerves (C5-7).
Func: Medial rotation of arm and stability of shoulder joint.

Front 16

Rotator cuff muscles

Back 16

SITS muscles: Subscapularis, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor.

Front 17

Biceps brahii

Back 17

O (long head): Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula.
O (short head): Coracoid process of scapula.
I: Tuberosity of radius and bicipital aponeurosis.
Inn: Musculocutaneous n. (C5-6).
Func: Supinator of forearm and flexor of elbow joint, weak flexor of shoulder joint.

Front 18

Coracobracialis

Back 18

O: Coracoid process of scapula.
I: Medial aspect of shaft of humerus.
Inn: Musculocutaneous n. (C5-7).
Func: Flexes arm and weak adductor.

Front 19

Brachialis

Back 19

O: Front of lower half of humerus.
I: Coronoid process of ulna.
Inn: Musculocutaneous n. (C5-6).
Func: Flexor of elbow joint.

Front 20

Triceps brachii

Back 20

O:
Long head - Infraglenoid tubercle.
Lat. head - Upper half of post. surface of humerus.
Med. head - Lower half of post. surface of humerus.
I: Olecranon of ulna.
Inn: Radial n. (C6-8)
Func: Ext. of elbow joint.

Front 21

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Back 21

O:
Humeral head - medial epicondyle of humerus.
Ulnar head - olecranon and post. border of ulna.
I: Pisiform bone and via ligaments, hamate and base of metacarpal V.
Inn: Ulnar n. (C7-T1).
Func: Flexion and adduction at wrist joint.

Front 22

Palmaris longus

Back 22

O: Medial epicondyle of humerus.
I: Palmar aponeurosis of hand.
Inn: Median n. (C7-8).
Func: Flexes wrist joint.

Front 23

Flexor carpi radialis

Back 23

O: Medial epicondyle of humerus.
I: Base of metacarpals II and III.
Inn: Median n. (C6-7).
Func: Flexes and abducts the wrist.

Front 24

Pronator teres

Back 24

O:
Humeral head - medial epicondle snd supraepicondylar ridge.
Ulnar head - medial side of coronoid process.

Front 25

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Back 25

O:
Humero-ulnar head - medial epicondyle and marigin of coronoid process.
Radial head - oblique line of radius.
I: four tendons that attach to middle phalanges of digits II-V.
Inn: Median n. (C8-T1).
Func: Flexes proximal interphalangeal joints of digits II-V. Can also flex metacarpophalangeal joints of the same fingers and wrist.

Front 26

Flexor digitorum profundus

Back 26

O: Ant. and med. surfaces of ulna and ant. med. half of interosseous membrane.
I: Four tendons that attach to distal phalanges II-V.
Inn:
Lat. half - median n.
Med. half - ulnar n. (C8-T1).
Func: Fexes dist interphalangeal joints of digits II-V. Also metacarpophalangeal joints of the same fingers and wrist joint.

Front 27

Flexor pollicis longus

Back 27

O: Ant. surface of radius and radial half of interosseous membr.
I: Base of distal phalanx of thumb.
Inn: Median n. (C7-8).
Func: Flexes interphalangeal joint of thumb. Can also flex metacarpophalangeal joint of thumb.

Front 28

Pronator quadratus

Back 28

O: Linear ridge ond distal ant. surface of ulna.
I: Distal ant. surface of radius.
Inn: Median n. (ant. interosseous n. C7-8)
Func: Pronation.