The Human Body Research

The anatomy of the human body is constantly being studied and new information on ourselves will continue to be revealed as we research more and more. There are many structures and systems in the human body that allow us to function, the human foot and hand for example. The hand and foot are a symbol for the ability to work for many people. Without these structures on the human body, the human race would not have had the ability to be where it is today. But what makes up the hand and foot, allowing it to perform the functions its capable of? The human hand has a total of 27 bones: eight in the wrist, called the carpals; five in the palm, called the metacarpals; and fourteen in the fingers, called the proximal, middle, and distal phalanges. …show more content…
The intrinsic muscles include the thenar and hypothenar muscle group in the thumb and pinky, the interossei muscles by the dorsal and palmar, originating between the metacarpal bones, and the lumbrical muscles by the deep flexor tendon. The intrinsic muscles only make the fingers function. The extrinsic muscles are the long flexors and extensors, running from the forearm to the hand, providing strength to the hand and wrist. The flexors prohibit the fingers to bend and the extensors can make the fingers straighten out. The hand contains the extensor digitorum, extensor indicis, extensor digiti minimi, flexor digitorum superficialis, and the flexor digitorum profundus. The thumb also has its own set of extrinsic muscles, including the flexor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, and the adbuctor pollicis longus. The wrist, just like the thumb, has its own set of muscles. These muscles give the wrist motion and strength and also the elbow. The muscles included are the extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor carpi ulnaris, flexor carpi radialis, flexor carpi ulnaris, and palmaris longus. A tendon is part of the muscle that attaches muscle to bone. The flexor tendons and extensor tendons are strong, fibrous tissues that exchange the forces created by the muscle to the bone, allowing the joint to produce movement. The flexor tendons help the fingers and wrist bend downward, while the extensors tendons help the fingers and wrist bend upward. Ligaments are strong bands of tissue made of collagen that connect bone to bone. There are quite a few ligament that give the hand mobility and stability particularly to the collateral, dorsal, volar, and interosseous ligaments. The wrist has its own set of ligaments that stabilize the carpal bones including the dorsal intercarpal ligaments, the palmar intercarpal ligaments, the