Muscles Of The Human Body: Origin, Insertion

Front 1

Deltoid
Anterior Part

Back 1

Origin: Lateral third of clavicle
Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Innervation: Axillary n. (C5+6)
Main Action: Anterior part: flexes and medially rotates arm at shoulder

Front 2

Deltoid
Middle part

Back 2

Origin: Acromion
Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Innervation: Axillary n. (C5+6)
Main Action: abducts arm at shoulder

Front 3

Deltoid
Posterior part

Back 3

Origin: Spine of scapula
Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
Innervation: Axillary n. (C5+6)
Main Action: extends and laterally rotates arm at shoulder

Front 4

Subscapularis (rotator cuff muscle)

Back 4

Origin: Subscapular fossa of scapula
Insertion: Lesser tubercle of humerus
Innervation:Upper and lower subscapular n.
Main Action: medially rotates arm at shoulder and adducts it; helps hold humeral head in glenoid cavity

Front 5

Supraspinatus (rotator cuff muscle)

Back 5

Origin: Supraspinatus fossa
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
Innervation: Suprascapular n.
Main Action: Helps deltoid abduct arm at shoulder. Acts as rotator cuff muscle

Front 6

Infraspinatus (rotator cuff muscle)

Back 6

Origin: Infraspinatus fossa of scapula
Insertion: Greater tubercles of humerus
Innervation: Suprascapular
Main Action: Laterally rotates arm at shoulders helps hold head in glenoid cavity

Front 7

Teres minor (rotator cuff muscle)

Back 7

Origin: Lateral border of scapula, upper 2/3
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
Innervation: Axillary n. (C5+6)
Main Action: Laterally rotates arm at shoulder; helps to hold head in glenoid gavity

Front 8

Teres major

Back 8

Origin: Dorsal surface of inferior angle of scapula, lower 1/3
Insertion: Medial lip of inter tubercular groove of humerus
Innervation: Lower subscapular n. (C5, 6)
Main Action: Adducts arm and medially rotates shoulder

Front 9

Coracobrachialis

Back 9

Origin: Tip of coracoid process of scapula
Insertion: Middle third of medial surface of humerus
Innervation: Musculocutaneous n. (C5, 6)
Main Action: Helps to flex and adduct arm at shoulder

Front 10

Triceps brachialis (long head)

Back 10

Origin: Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Insertion: Proximal end of olecranon of ulna and fascia of forearm
Innervation: Radial n. (C6,7,8)
Main Action: Active in extension against resistance; may help stabilize shoulder joint and assist in arm adduction

Front 11

Triceps brachialis (lateral head)

Back 11

Origin: Posterior surface of humerus
Insertion: Proximal end of olecranon of ulna and fascia of forearm
Innervation: Radial n. (C6,7,8)
Main Action: Active in extension against resistance

Front 12

Triceps brachialis (medial head)

Back 12

Origin: Posterior surface of humerus; inferior to radial groove
Insertion:Proximal end of olecranon of ulna and fascia of forearm
Innervation: Radial n. (C6,7,8)
Main Action: Powerful forearm extensor (prime mover)

Front 13

Anconeous

Back 13

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Lateral surface of olecranon and superior part of posterior surface of ulna
Innervation: Radial n. (C7-T1)
Main Action: Assists triceps in extending elbow

Front 14

Brachialis

Back 14

Origin: Distal half of anterior humerus
Insertion: Coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna
Innervation: Musculocutaneous n. (C5+6)
Main Action: Flexes forearm at elbow in all positions

Front 15

Brachioradialis

Back 15

Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Insertion: Lateral surface of distal end of radius
Innervation: Radial n. (C5,6,7)
Main Action: Flexes forearm at elbow

Front 16

Supinator

Back 16

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus; radial collateral and anular ligaments; crest of ulna
Insertion: Lateral, posterior and anterior surfaces of proximal third of radius
Innervation: Radial n. (deep branch) (C7,8)
Main Action: Supinates forearm

Front 17

Pronator teres

Back 17

Origin:Medial epicondyle of humerus and Coronoid process of ulna
Insertion: Middle of lateral surface of radius
Innervation: Median n. (C 6,7)
Main Action: Pronates forearm and flexes elbow

Front 18

Pronator quadratus

Back 18

Origin: Distal anterior surface of ulna
Insertion: Distal anterior surface of radius
Innervation: Median n. (anterior interosseous) (C8,T1)
Main Action: Pronates forearm

Front 19

Palmaris longus

Back 19

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Palmar aponeurosis (fascia of palm)
Innervation: Median nerve (C7, 8)
Main Action: Flexes hand at wrist; tightens palmar aponeurosis

Front 20

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Back 20

Origin: Humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus Ulnar head: olecranon of ulna
Insertion: Pisiform bone, hook of hamate bone and fifth metacarpal bone
Innervation: ulnar nerve (C7,8)
Main Action: Flexes hand at wrist and adducts it

Front 21

Flexor carpi radialis

Back 21

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Base of second metacarpal bone
Innervation: Median nerve (C6,7)
Main Action: Flexes and abducts hand at wrist

Front 22

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Back 22

Origin: Humeroulnar head: medial epicondyle of humerus. Radial head: superior anterior radius
Insertion: Bodies of middle phalanges of medial four digits
Innervation: Median (C7,8, T1)
Main Action: Flexes middle phalanges of medial four digits

Front 23

Flexor pollicis longus

Back 23

Origin: Anterior surface of radius and adjacent interosseus membrane
Insertion: Base of distal phalanx of thumb
Innervation: Median nerve (anterior interosseous)
Main Action: Flexes phalanges of first digit (thumb)

Front 24

Flexor digitorum profundus

Back 24

Origin: Proximal 3/4 of medial and anterior surfaces of ulna and interosseous membrane
Insertion: Bases of distal phalanges of medial four digits
Innervation: medial part: Ulnar n. (C8, T1) Lateral part: median n. (C8, T1)
Main Action: Flexes distal phalanges of medial four digits: assist with flexion of wrist

Front 25

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Back 25

Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Insertion: Base of second metacarpal bone
Innervation: Radial nerve (C6,7)
Main Action: Extends and abducts hand at wrist

Front 26

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Back 26

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Base of third metacarpal bone
Innervation: Radial nerve (deep branch)
Main Action: Extends and abducts hand at wrist

Front 27

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Back 27

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus and posterior ulna
Insertion: Base of fifth metacarpal bone
Innervation: Radial nerve (posterior interosseous)
Main Action: Extends and adducts hand at wrist

Front 28

Extensor digitorum

Back 28

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Extensor expansions of medial four digits
Innervation: Radial nerve (posterior interosseous)
Main Action: Extends medial four digits at metacarpophalangeal joints; extends hand at wrist joint

Front 29

Biceps Brachii

Back 29

Origin: Short head: coracoid process of scapula
Long head: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Insertion: Tuberosity of radius and fascia of forearm via biciptial aponeurosis
Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve (C5,6)
Main Action: Flexes forearm at elbow, supinates flexed forearm