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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Medial Collateral Ligament of the Elbow 1. aka 2. components (3) 3. role |
1. ulnar collateral ligament 2. anterior (medial epicondyle to medial aspect or coronoid process), posterior (posterior aspect of medial epicondyle to medial edge of olecranon) and oblique bands (bridges the insertions of the anterior and posterior bands on the ulna). The oblique band is referred to as "ligament of Cooper" and is the weakest 3. constraint to valgus stress |
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Lateral Collateral Ligament of the Elbow - components (4) |
* more variable than MCL elbow - radial collateral ligament (thick band of fibrous tissues which arises from the lateral epicondyle and inserts on the radial notch of the ulna) - annular ligament (strong ligament that surrounds the radial head and holds it into contact with the ulna) - lateral ulnar collateral ligament (arises from lateral epicondyle and blends with fibers of the annular ligament deep to the common extensor tendon origin) - lateral stabilization of the trochlea-ulna joint - accessory lateral collateral ligament |
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Anterior Elbow Muscles |
Biceps brachia (flexor and supinator) and brachialis (flexor of elbow) in the cubital region between brachioradialis laterally and pronator teres medially *biceps brachii has a long distal tendon and is located superficially to the brachialis making it more prone to injury. Covered by an aponeurosis that also surrounds median nerve and brachial nerve. - biceps tenons is covered by extrasynovial paratenon |
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Medial Elbow Compartment |
1) Pronator Teres 2) Common Flexor Tendon (superficial flexor muscles of the wrist arise from the medial epicondyle as CFT) |
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Pronator Teres |
- most superficial and anterior (two attachment sites: 1. humeral head just proximal to medial epicondyle, 2. medial aspect of coronoid process, insertion sites: lateral radial shaft as flat tendon - works with pronator quadratus to pronate forearm * Median nerve passes between the two bellies of the pronator teres and is separated from the ulnar artery by the ulnar head of this muscle. |
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Common Flexor Tendon |
- 4 superficial flexor muscles of the hand and wrist arise from the CFT, arranged from medially to laterally as: flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum superficialias, flexor carpi ulnaris (flexor digitorum profundus has a separate more distal origin) - provides dynamic support to the underlying ulnar collateral ligament in resting valgus stress |
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Lateral Elbow Structures |
1. Common Extensor Tendon 2. Brachioradialis 3. Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus 4. Supinator Muscles |
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Common Extensor Tendon |
- flattened tendon which originates from the anterolateral surface of the lateral epicondyle, receiving contributions from: extensor carpi radialis braves (deep), extensor digitorum communis (superficial), extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris. - separated from the joint capsule by the lateral ulnar collateral ligament |
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Supinator - important surrounding structures - origin - insertion - action |
- Deepest of the lateral elbow muscles. - Posterior interosseous nerve (PIN), the motor branch of the radial nerve, passes through the two heads of the supinator to reach the posterior elbow. Origin: The superficial head arises from the lateral epicondyle, the lateral collateral and annular ligaments and from behind the supinator crest and fossa of the ulna. The deep head arises from the supinator fossa of the ulna Insertion: whole muscle wraps around the radial neck to insert into the proximal aspect of the radial shaft Action: supination with the elbow in extension |
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Posterior Elbow |
- triceps (three heads - medial, lateral, and long). The muscle bellies converge into a single thick tendon which attaches to the posterior aspect of the olecranon, approximately 1 cm distal to it - anconeus muscle - small triangular muscle that arises from the posterior aspect of the lateral epicondyle to insert more distally on the upper posterolateral aspect of the shaft of the ulna |
