Micro: Test 3 Questions

Front 1

What illness in the US involves cercariae penetration?

Back 1

Swimmer’s itch. (Schistosomiasistoo but not in US)

Front 2

Pregnant women should not contact feline feces because they could get…

Back 2

toxoplasmosis from the toxoplasma gondiiprotazoa. It is transferred from mouse to cat and passed through feces. Can gotransplacental and cause blindness, neurological problems and stillbirth.

Front 3

Sporotrichosisis treated with a............

Back 3

fungicide

Front 4

What causes thrush and vaginitis?

Back 4

They are yeast infections from an overgrowth of the fungi candida albicans

Front 5

What do E. histolytica eat?

Back 5

Intestinal tissue causing ulcers and dysentery

Front 6

If one ingests cysticerci, they may get a

Back 6

tapeworm

Front 7

What are the symptoms of vaginal Candidiasis?

Back 7

Itchy, cheesy, thick discharge

Front 8

What is the etiological agent for LGV?

Back 8

C. trachomatis (Lymphogranuloma venerium)

Front 9

T/F All protozoans make cysts

Back 9

False

Front 10

What is the first test done to ID a bacterium?

Back 10

Gram stain

Front 11

What are the characteristics of Helminths?

Back 11

Eukaryotic,multicellular, parasitic roundworms and flatworms. Some are dioecious and some are hermaphroditic

Front 12

Compare transmission of Chlamydias with Rickettsias

Back 12

Both are obligate intracellular bacteria (parasitic). Rickettsias are transmitted via vectors.Chlymydias are transmitted via air or sex

Front 13

Sac Fungi are called…

Back 13

Ascomycota (includes conidia [aspergillis,penicillin] and yeast)

Front 14

What is the most highly developed system in Helminths?

Back 14

Reproductive

Front 15

T/F Are Lichens parasites?

Back 15

False.They are mutualistic and both benefit from the relationship.

Front 16

T/F All Fungi produce resting/diploid spores.

Back 16

False.Some fungi reproduce from budding, some form a zygospore or haploid spore.

Front 17

Helminth transmission is usually by what routes?

Back 17

Fecal oral or gastrointestinal

Front 18

Tapeworms eat....

Back 18

food found in the intestines

Front 19

Toavoid getting a tapeworm, you must

Back 19

thoroughly cook meats

Front 20

Ringwormis caused by a

Back 20

Ascomycota fungi

Front 21

Give the correct terminology to describe the energy and carbon sources for Euglenozoa

Back 21

They can be photoautotrophic or chemoheterotrophic

Front 22

When does one get a nosocomial infection?

Back 22

Ina hospital or clinical setting. Typically for immunocomprimised

Front 23

Etiology was introduced by what scientist?

Back 23

Koch

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Front 24

Of the following 2 choices, are specificillnesses mechanically or biologically transmitted?

Back 24

Biologically

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Front 25

Septicemiais….

Back 25

Bacteria through the blood stream

.

Front 26

What do we call bacteria that are present for ashort time?

Back 26

Transient

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Front 27

Whatare the major reservoirs of infection?

Back 27

Humans, animals, water, soil, hospital, formites

.

Front 28

What is a fomite?

Back 28

Inanimate and non-livingobject capable of carrying infectious organisms

.

Front 29

What is a primary infection? A secondary infection?

Back 29

A primary infection is an acute infection thatcauses the initial illness.-

A secondary infection is one caused by anopportunistic pathogen after the primary infection has weakened the body'sdefenses.

.

Front 30

Know how to recognize on a graph: endemic,epidemic, sporadic.

Back 30

Endemic: always present in a population.
Epidemic:large rise (exponential rise)- spike in population over a short period of time.
Sporadic- disease occurring occasionally (small outbreaks)

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Front 31

An infection that develops after an operation, can be due to….

Back 31

Nosocomial bacteria, antibiotic resistance,opportunistic bacteria, lack of sterility (tools, surfaces)

.

Front 32

An unprotected sneeze can be what form(s) oftransmission?

Back 32

Droplet(vehicle if further than a meter)

.

Front 33

STDs are from what form of transmission?

Back 33

Direct contact

Front 34

Food poisoning is what form of transmission?

Back 34

vehicle

Front 35

Plague transmitted by a flea is what form oftransmission?

Back 35

Vector

.

Front 36

Pneumonic plague-(between humans)-is what form of transmission?

Back 36

Droplet usually, or vehicle

.

Front 37

What is a zoonosis?

Back 37

Animal to human

.

Front 38

Why doesn’t C.albicans normally cause disease?

Back 38

Normal flora, antagonistic relationship withlactobaccili preventing overgrowth

Front 39

Describe synergistic relationships between bacteria.

Back 39

One bacterium receives a product by another

Front 40

EIDs can be caused by what? (make a list)

Back 40

Mutation,ignorance, misuse of drugs, natural disasters.

Front 41

The most common portal of entry is the…

Back 41

muscousmembrane of the respiratory tract (nose mouth)

Front 42

Bacteria that can get through the skin whenthere is no abrasion or cut, have probably gained access via…

Back 42

hairand skin follicles or sweat and oil glands

Front 43

Define ID-50 and LD-50. Which form of anthrax is“easiest” to get?

Back 43

ID-50 is an infectious dose to affect 50% of apopulation. LD-50 is a lethal dose to kill 50% of a test population. Cutaneous anthraxis the easiest to get

Front 44

What structures facilitate bacterial-invasiveness?

Back 44

glycocalyx, fimbriae, pili,flagella, ligands

Front 45

Definethe following:leukocidins

Back 45

membrane disrupting chemicals that destroy white bloodcells

.

Front 46

Definethe following:hemolysins

Back 46

membranedisrupting chemicals released by some bacteria that can destroy white bloodcells and red blood cells

Front 47

Define the following: coagulases

Back 47

bindsome bacteria to coagulate blood

Front 48

Define the following: kinases

Back 48

.breakdown fibrin and digests clots – anticoagulant

Front 49

Define the following: hyaluronidases

Back 49

breakdown hyaluronic acid

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Front 50

T/F Exotoxins are destroyed by heat.

Back 50

true

.

Front 51

What competes with human iron-transferringproteins?

Back 51

siderophores

.

Front 52

Define parenteral route of entry.

Back 52

Beneathskin (bites trauma surgery

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Front 53

How can one avoid Botulism?

Back 53

Cook food properly

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Front 54

Septic shock due to G+ bacteria is caused by….

Back 54

Superantigens(staph aur)

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Front 55

How do G- cross the BBB?

Back 55

ByTNF (causes vasodilation and increases blood permeability)

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Front 56

Injectable drugs are tested for endotoxins withthe __________ test.

Back 56

Limulus Amoebocyte LysateTest

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Front 57

Via what scenario do antibiotics interfere withseptic shock treatment?

Back 57

Gram – infections/toxicity

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Front 58

What does TNF do to BP?

Back 58

Lowersbp

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Front 59

What are the effects of lipid A release?

Back 59

Fever,vomitting, diarrhea, DIC, miscarriages, interferes with protein synthesis and eukarymembranes may rupture

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