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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chateau Gaillard
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1196
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The Bayeux Tapestry
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The story of the Norman Conquest, October 1066, King Edward the Confessor & Westminister Abby
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Beaumaris Castles
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-Wales 1295
-Has new (to the era) design: Concentric (circles!) castle -Double walls |
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Beaumaris Castles
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-Wales 1295
-Has new (to the era) design: Concentric (circles!) castle -Double walls |
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Bodiam Castle
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-1385
-Built by Sir Edward Dalyngrigge (a former knight) -has no keep -quadrangular castle (has a quad or courtyard) -Imporatnce: the transition from castles for defense to castles for leisure |
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Carcassonne
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-France
-Contains two cathedrals: Notre-Dame de Canabès and Notre-Dame de Limoux -5th century(?) |
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English monastaries (characteristics)
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-cloister
-a lot of grass |
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Rievaulx Abby Church
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-Yorkshire, England
-c.1132 -Cistercian (a stricter branch of the Benedictines) archetecture |
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Compare Romanesque and Gothic Churches
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-Romanesque, the support is on the outside of the church
-Gothic, the support is on the inside of the church -Either support can be visible (example: buttresses) |
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Evolution of Gothic Arch
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Gothic Architectural Diagram
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Ribbed and Gothic Vaults
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Judgment shrine
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-Abbey Church of Saint Denis
-Commissioned by Suger -In refernece to a scripture from the book of St. Matthew |
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Abbey Church of Saint Denis
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-1231-1281
-early rose window -just outside Paris, France |
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Rose Window
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Example from Abbey Church of Saint Denis
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Rose window (outside view)
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Example from Sens Cathedral (began) 1130
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Rose Window
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Example from Sens Cathedral, north rose window
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Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Laon
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- 12th and 13th centuries
-early Gothic -rose window -facade portals |
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Six part vaulting
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Example Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Laon
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Cartes Cathedral
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-most important Gothic cathedral in France (early Gothic)
-c.1145-1195 -has more stained glass that has survived than any other cathedral |
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gothic figures (people) are...
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more naturalistic
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baby on lap means...
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seat of wisdom
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The Royal Portal: The Old Testament Kings
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-Cartes Cathedral, France
-artists consider public view of pieces and their angle of viewing the image -one of the longest depictions of the life of Mary |
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The Royal Portal Statues
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Cartes Cathedral, France
-artists consider public view of pieces and their angle of viewing the image |
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What does the color red mean about the church?
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The church must have had money because red was the most difficult color to make, therefore, the most expensive.
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Santiago de Compostela
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-c.1075
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Santiago de Compostela Portal
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Caterbury Cathedral
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-1174
-exterior buttresses -architect William of Sens |
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Translate: corona
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crown
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Tale of Becket
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-Canterbury, England
-portrays martyrdom -English windows read from top to bottom |
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The Nun Guda Book of Homilies
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-early 12th century
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Eadwine the Scribe
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-Trinity College, Cambridge, England
-1160-1170 -Eadwine's name is on the frame of the portrait -Psalter -arguably the most ambitious manuscript produced in England in the twelfth century. -Over a dozen scribes and artists combined to produce a book which contains five different versions of the text of the Psalms, three in Latin, one in Old English, and one in Anglo-Norman, with a prologue, a commentary, and a concluding prayer to each Psalm. |
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Water Tower
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-Canterbury, England
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Water/Plumming Plan
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-Canterbury, England
-The fresh clean water hints to why the sick (who may have been ingesting unclean water) became well after visiting the church |
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Nicholas of Verdun: Klosterneubura Alter (Verdun Alter)
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-1180
-Typology (The study and interpretation of types and symbols, originally esp. in the Bible) -Typology separated history into three parts: (1) before the law, (2) after the law, (3) under grace |
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Describe features of early gothic
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No or little visible buttressing, what is there is solid and arches are only at gallery level
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4 part vaulting evelation
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(1)nave arcade (2)tall gallery (3)triforium (4)clerestory
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nave arcade
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the central approach to the high altar, the main body of the church.
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gallery
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A balcony, esp. a platform or upper floor, projecting from the back or sidewall inside a church or hall, providing space for an audience or musicians
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The Relic of the Virgin
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Chartres, France / veil worn by Mary while birthing Jesus
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Aerial view of Chartres Cathedral
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buttressing was put on at the beginning / arches go to the clear story
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Blue print of Chartres Cathedral
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aisles of Chartres will be more even / 4 part vaulting
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Fun fact about flying buttresses!
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Flying buttressing is the biggest innovation to architecture since the Romans.
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How does Gothic Architecture effect your eye?
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Gothic architecture wants your eye to go up and forward.
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What is special about 4 part vaulting?
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It is not possible to get as high with 6 part vaulting as with 4 part vaulting.
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4 part vaulting in navel choir
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Nave/ Gallery/ Clerstory
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Why is North and South significant in Gothic Architecture?
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North symbolizes the old testament (no sun) and South Symbolizes the new testament (sun)
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What are gargoyals?
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Gargoyals are drain spouts. (Don't stand under one.)
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Blanche of Castille Louis IX
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manuscript
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Wells Cathedral
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lots of wells there/ 1175-1490
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Winechester Castle
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1216-1217/ ceiling exposed / dark stone (not marble) commonly used in English architecture
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Characteristics of English Architecture
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wide buildings / ceiling painted / horizontal lines/ added a Strainer arch to support tower yellow in stained glass / Chapter House / ribbs / pebelt marble / bosses / two transept / larger windows rather than rose windows / do not use gold in their manuscripts
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Commonality between Canterbury and French stained glass
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Both were more blue
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Crazy Vaulting in Lincoln!
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Example: St. Hugh's Choir, Lincoln, England / begun 1088
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Imp of Lincoln
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Located in the Angel choir / legend has the escaped imp turned to stone just outside the cathedral, and sharp-eyed visitors can spot it on a South outside wall.
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Boss
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a boss is a knob or protrusion of stone or wood. Bosses can often be found in the ceilings of buildings, particularly at the intersection of a vault / Example: Hereford Cathedral, Hereford, England
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Salisbury Cathedral
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Salisbury (c.1220) embodies the essential characteristics of English Gothic architecture. English builders adopted some of the superficial motifs of French Gothic architecture but did embrace its structural logic and emphasis on height.
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Salisbury Cathedral
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(c.1220) Tower support built on the principle of the triangle / hidden brace in the gallery /
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Manscript Historia Anglorum
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(c. 1200-1259) Matthew Paris / depicts Mary with Child and the artist kneeling
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St. Elizabeth
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(1233-1283) Marburg, Germany / called "hallenkiche" or hall church / no flying buttresses meaning no side aisle
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Count Ekkart and Uta
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Important community members immortalized in Naumburg, Germany (c.1245-1260)
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Naumburg Choir Screen
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The Germans can be very brutal in their expressionism. Example: Naumburg Cathedral, Naumburg, Germany (c.1245-1260)
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Tell tale sign of Jewish people_____
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the pointed hats
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Rayonnant Style of Gothic Age
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plague make some styles stagnant / rose windows are huge
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What does light represent?
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"Light has always meant something about illuminating the mind."
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Psalter: Abraham and the Angels
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c.1253-1270 / willowy figures / elegance / two scenes
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Cathedral Notre Dames in Paris
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c.1225 / The building is lighter on top so building can be taller
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A cathedral is ____.
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a bishop's headquarters
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A chapter house is ______.
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connected to a religious order
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Gothic figures
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Big figures are not in Early Gothic. Gothic architects make figures larger so they will carry better at a distance.
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Troyes, St. Urban
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c.1262-1270
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Saint-Maclou
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Roen, France / masterpiece of the Flamboyant style (similar to lace) c.1436-1500 / tiny compared to the great Gothic Cathedrals
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House of Jaques Coeur
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Bourger, France 1445-1451 / Example of late Gothic architecture
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