Medical Terminology Chapter 12, 13, & 14

Front 1

includes ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, and vagina

Back 1

internal organs of the reproductive system

Front 2

the external genitalia is known as the what

Back 2

vulva

Front 3

The vulva includes what four structures

Back 3

libia minora, labia majora, clitoris, bartholin glands and mons pubis

Front 4

the area between the vaginal orifice and the anus is known as the what

Back 4

perineum

Front 5

produces and transports ova; provides place for fertilization; provides nourishment for developing fetus; discharges fertilized ova from the body; produces estrogen and protestrogen

Back 5

female internal organs of the reproductive system

Front 6

includes graafian follicles, mature follicles, and corpus luteum

Back 6

ovaries

Front 7

contains ovum

Back 7

graafian follicles

Front 8

realeases the ovum, called ovulation

Back 8

mature follicle

Front 9

secretes estrogen and progesterone; if unfertilized it disintegrates and exits the body

Back 9

corpus leteum

Front 10

oviducts and uterine tubes are what

Back 10

fallopian tubes

Front 11

assists in the transportation of the ovum

Back 11

fimbrae

Front 12

muscular hollow pear shaped structure located in the pelvic area between bladder and rectum; nourishes embryo from time fertilized egg is implanted until fetus is born

Back 12

uterus

Front 13

uterus is bent forward

Back 13

anteflexion

Front 14

the fundus, the body, and the cervix are part of what

Back 14

the uterus

Front 15

muscular tube extends from cervix to exterior of the body; lubrication is provided by bartholin glands

Back 15

vagina

Front 16

an erectile tissue with sensory endings

Back 16

clitoris

Front 17

during childbirth when the perineum is surgically incised ___________ to enlarge the vaginal wall opening for delivery***************

Back 17

episiotomy

Front 18

role is to secrete milk for newborn

Back 18

mammary glands (breasts)

Front 19

what is that role called?

Back 19

lactation

Front 20

when do breasts develop as a result of periodic stimulation of the ovarian hormones

Back 20

puberty

Front 21

what age are your hormones fully developed

Back 21

16

Front 22

estrogen is responsible for the development of what

Back 22

adipose tissue

Front 23

the size of the breast is developed by what

Back 23

the amount of tissue

Front 24

lobules of milk producing glands are drained by what

Back 24

lactiferous ducts

Front 25

circlingthe nipple I a border of slightly darker skin called what

Back 25

areola

Front 26

at menopause what happens to breast tissue

Back 26

atrophy

Front 27

initial menstrual period, occurs at puberty until about 40 yrs, except during pregnancy************

Back 27

menarche

Front 28

************what is the duration of the menstrual cycle

Back 28

28 days

Front 29

************the length of pregnancy is known as

Back 29

gestation; lasts 9 months

Front 30

************childbirth is also known as

Back 30

parturition

Front 31

up to 3 months pregnant what is the fetus known as

Back 31

embryo

Front 32

from 3 months until pregnancy what is the product of conception known as

Back 32

fetus

Front 33

when the fetus is expelled from the uterus it is known as

Back 33

labor

Front 34

this stage is first and begins with uterine contractions and terminates when there is a complete dilation of the cervix (10cm)

Back 34

stage of dilation

Front 35

stage from complete cervical dilation to birth of baby

Back 35

stage of expulsion

Front 36

last stage (afterbirth) is known as

Back 36

placental stage

Front 37

cessation of ovarian activity and diminished hormone production that occurs at about 50

Back 37

menopause

Front 38

absence of menses for one year is known as

Back 38

amenorhea

Front 39

period during menopause in which symptoms of approaching menopause occur**************

Back 39

change of life or climacteric

Front 40

hot flashes and vaginal drying and thinning during climacteric as estrogen levels fall*************

Back 40

vaginal atrophy

Front 41

used to treat vaginal atrophy and osteoporosis

Back 41

HRT hormone replacement therapy

Front 42

myometrium and endometrium are found in what part of the uterus

Back 42

body

Front 43

may be caused by infection, injury, or hormonal dysfunction

Back 43

female reproductive disorders

Front 44

the study of female reproductive organs and breasts*************

Back 44

gynecology

Front 45

branch of medicine that manages health of a woman and her fetus during pregnancy and birth*******************8

Back 45

obstetrics

Front 46

period of adjustment after childbirth during which the reproductive organs of the mother eturn to their nonpregnant state; six to eight weeks afterwards******************

Back 46

puerperium

Front 47

menstrual pain and tension which may be the result of uterine contractions, pathological growths, or such chronic disorders as anemia, fatigue, diabetes, and tuberculosis.

Back 47

dysmenorrhea

Front 48

used to treat dysmenorrhea and regulate menstrual abnormalities

Back 48

estrogen

Front 49

irregular uterine bleeding between menstrual periods

Back 49

metrorrhagia

Front 50

symptomatic of disease including tumors and is considered one of the most serious menstrual disorders

Back 50

metrorrhagia

Front 51

profuse or prolonged bleeding during menstruation that may be caused by endocrine disturbances

Back 51

menorrhagia or hypermenorrhea

Front 52

disorder with sgns and symptoms tht range from complaints of headache and fatigue to mood changes, anxiety, depression, uncontrolled crying spells, and water retention

Back 52

PMS

Front 53

reducing alcohol, caffeine, salt, and increasing exercise can help symptoms of

Back 53

PMS

Front 54

tissue found inside the uterus************

Back 54

endometriosis

Front 55

**********develops into implants, lesions, or growths which can cause pain infertility, and other problems

Back 55

endometrial tissue

Front 56

inflammation of the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and adjacent pelvic structures usually caused by bacterial infection

Back 56

PID Pelvic inflammatory disease

Front 57

gonnorhea and chlamydial STD's are two common causes of what

Back 57

PID

Front 58

bacteria in the blood that often occurs with severe infections

Back 58

septicemia

Front 59

localized infections and inflammations occurring from viruses bacteria, or yeast that are confine to the vagina

Back 59

vaginitis

Front 60

most common symptoms are vaginal itching, painful intercourse, and foul smelling discharge

Back 60

vaginitis

Front 61

urethral inflammation

Back 61

urethritis

Front 62

two of the most common types are candidiasis and trichomoniasis

Back 62

vaginitis

Front 63

also known as moniliasis; caused by yeast that present as part of normal flora of vagina

Back 63

candidiasis

Front 64

antifungal agents that suppress the growth of fungi

Back 64

mycostatics

Front 65

one of the most common causes of sexually transmitted lower genital tract infections

Back 65

trichomoniasis

Front 66

carcinoma of the breast aka

Back 66

breast cancer

Front 67

associated with ovarian hormonal function, high fat diets increase risks, family history, and use of HRT

Back 67

breast cancer

Front 68

women who have never had children

Back 68

nulliparous

Front 69

pap test, cytological examination can determine this cancer

Back 69

cervical

Front 70

causes are coitus at young age, multiple sex partners, infection with certain STD's, intercourse with men whose partners had cervical cancer

Back 70

cervical cancer

Front 71

consists of a series of phases in which the uterine endometrium changes as it responds to changing levels of ovarian hormones**************

Back 71

menarche (menstrual cycle)

Front 72

period of adjustment after childbirth that ends with first ovulation or return of normal menstruatin

Back 72

puerperium

Front 73

tissue responds to hormonal fluctuations of the menstrual cycle

Back 73

ectopic endometrium

Front 74

ectopic tissue in endometriosis is usually found in the pelvic area but may be found where

Back 74

anywhere in abdominopelvic cavity

Front 75

progressive wavelike movement that occurs involuntarily in hollow tubes of the body

Back 75

peristalsis

Front 76

when an ovum ripens, the mature follicle moves to surface of ovary, ruptures and releases ovum known as

Back 76

ovulation

Front 77

tissues or stuctures in the body adjacent to or near a related structure

Back 77

adnexa; ex: adnexa of the eye includes all supporting structures of the eye globe

Front 78

a channel or chamber communicating with or opening into another, in particular

Back 78

vestibule

Front 79

a primary sore aka

Back 79

chancres

Front 80

first phase in syphilis

Back 80

chancres

Front 81

ulcerated sore with hard edges tht contains infectious organisms

Back 81

chancres

Front 82

the upper rounded part of antiflexion position in the uterus

Back 82

fundus

Front 83

female is shallower than males possible due to childbearing

Back 83

pelvis

Front 84

supports enlarged uterus as fetus develops and provides passageway for fetus when ready

Back 84

pelvis

Front 85

male reproductive organ consists of two

Back 85

testes

Front 86

what is located in the scrotum

Back 86

testes

Front 87

testes produce a hormone called what that makes men manly

Back 87

testosterone

Front 88

provides the production of sperm; the sex cell

Back 88

testes

Front 89

located on top of the testes******

Back 89

epispadias

Front 90

it is the storage place for sperm before ejaculation

Back 90

epispadias

Front 91

transportation of sperm from the epispadias to the ejaculatory duct

Back 91

vas deferens

Front 92

vas deferens aka

Back 92

seminal duct or ductus

Front 93

the union of the vas deferens with the duct from the seminal vesicle froms wat

Back 93

the ejaculatory duct

Front 94

provides nutrients to support the sperm

Back 94

seminal vesicle

Front 95

produces at least 60% of seminal fluid ejaculated during intercourse

Back 95

seminal vesicle

Front 96

sexual intercourse aka

Back 96

coitus

Front 97

a triplelobed organ fused to the base of the bladder in the male reproductive system

Back 97

prostate gland

Front 98

duct through which semen enters urethra

Back 98

ejaculatory duct

Front 99

bulbourethral glands aka

Back 99

cowper glands

Front 100

two pea shaped structures located below prostate and connected by small duct to urethra

Back 100

cowper glands

Front 101

provide alkaline fluid necessary for sperm

Back 101

bulbourethral glands

Front 102

the male organ of copulation composed of erectile tissue that encloses the urethra

Back 102

penis

Front 103

expels semen and urine from the body

Back 103

urethrea

Front 104

the enlarged tip of the penis is known as the what

Back 104

glans penis

Front 105

production of alkaline substance that protects sperm against acidity of vagina

Back 105

prostate gland

Front 106

production of male sex cells; transportation of sperm to sites of fertilization; secretion of hormones vital to development and maintenance of sexual characteristics

Back 106

male reproductive system

Front 107

movable hood of skin that covers the glans penis

Back 107

prepuce (foreskin)

Front 108

urethral orifice aka

Back 108

meatus

Front 109

the glans penis contains the what

Back 109

meauts

Front 110

what are the sperm transporting organs

Back 110

epididymis, vas deferens, ejaculatory duct, and urethra

Front 111

what are the accessory glands of the male reproductive system

Back 111

seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral glands

Front 112

what is the copulatory organ of the male reproductive system

Back 112

penis

Front 113

Gonorrhea, syphilis, chlamydia, genital herpes, genital warts, trichomoniasis, and HIV are al what

Back 113

STI's

Front 114

gonorrhea, syphilis, and chlamydia are all caused by what

Back 114

bacterium

Front 115

a nonmalignant enlarged prostate that may affect urine flow; commonly associated with the aging process

Back 115

benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH)

Front 116

signs and symptoms may include urinary obstruction or hesitancy, dysuria, nocturia, dribbling... pretty much anything to do with urine coming out fast, slow, or not at all.

Back 116

BPH

Front 117

cystitis and nephritis may occur due to this

Back 117

BPH

Front 118

cystitis is what

Back 118

bladder infection

Front 119

what is nephritis

Back 119

kidney infection

Front 120

prostate and testicular cancer are two common forms of cancer associated with what

Back 120

the male reproductive system

Front 121

a malignant neoplasm of prostatic tissue is known as what

Back 121

prostate cancer

Front 122

most commonly an adenocarcinoma

Back 122

prostate cancer

Front 123

commonly mestasizes to pelvic and spinal cord; genetic predisposition; usually over age 50

Back 123

prostate cancer

Front 124

presymptomatic tests for prostate cancer include

Back 124

DRE and PSA

Front 125

hormone therapy and removal of the prostate are steps to take towards what

Back 125

curing prostate cancer

Front 126

***************malformation in which the urethra opens on the dorsum of the penis

Back 126

epispadias

Front 127

****************malformation in which the urethra opens on the underside of the penis

Back 127

hypospadias

Front 128

inability to produce offspring

Back 128

sterile

Front 129

painful accumulation of serous fluid in the sac that contains the testes

Back 129

hydrocele

Front 130

radiological test performed in males to assess the bladder using a catheter searching for abnormalities

Back 130

retrograde urethrography

Front 131

radiological test used to diagnose or treat male infertility; injection of contrast medium into vas deferens and ejaculatory ducts with subsequent xray examination of these structures

Back 131

vasography

Front 132

collection of several samples of the prostate tissue for microscopic evaluation to find malignant tissue

Back 132

biopsy of the prostate

Front 133

transrectal, transperineal, and transurethral are all what kind of procedures

Back 133

biopsy of the prostates

Front 134

physical examination of prostate to check size and for lumps

Back 134

digital rectal examination

Front 135

c

Back 135

v