Mastering Geography Test 3

Front 1

What air mass brings cool temperatures and humid conditions to Coastal Washington and Oregon?

Back 1

mP

Front 2

What source region is responsible for most of the precipitation that falls in Kentucky and Tennessee?

Back 2

The Gulf of Mexico

Front 3

A mid-latitude anticyclone ____________.

Back 3

Is associated with sunny, dry weather.

Front 4

What is a front?

Back 4

The boundary between two air masses of different temperatures.

Front 5

Where does rain occur in a warm front?

Back 5

Rain occurs along and in front of a warm front.

Front 6

Where does rain occur in a cold front?

Back 6

Rain occurs along and behind a cold front.

Front 7

How are rain patterns different near warm and cold fronts?

Back 7

Rain near a cold front occurs over a smaller special area and is more intense than near a warm front.

Front 8

What determines whether a front is called a cold front or a warm front?

Back 8

The type of front is determined by which air mass is moving.

Front 9

Why does rain occur near a cold front?

Back 9

Rising warm air cools, resulting in cloud formation and rain.

Front 10

Why does rain occur near a warm front?

Back 10

Rising warm air cools, resulting in cloud formation and rain.

Front 11

What explains the weather if the day starts warm and clear, but, later, a thunderstorm occurs and the temperatures drop?

Back 11

A cold front has passed.

Front 12

It can be said that along all the front in a middle-latitude cyclone, ___________.

Back 12

Air rises.

Front 13

What are midlatitude Cyclones?

Back 13

Migrating low pressure cells that move in the band of the westerlies.

Front 14

What happens when air masses of different temperatures meet?

Back 14

Well defined boundaries formed between the air masses.

Front 15

Which of the following statements about movement in midlatitude Cyclones are accurate?

A. The warm and cold fronts Advance faster than the center of the storm.

B. The cold front advances faster than the center of the storm, and the warm front advances more slowly than the center.

C. The warm front advance is faster than the center of the storm, and the cold front advances more slowly than the center.

D. Surface winds move counter-clockwise.

E. The entire Cyclone moves from west to east.

Back 15

B. The cold front advances faster than the center of the storm, and the warm front advances more slowly than the center.

D. Surface winds move counter-clockwise. E. The entire Cyclone moves from west to east.

Front 16

What is occulation in a midlatitude cyclone?

Back 16

Occulation is the process by which a cold front overtakes a warm front.

Front 17

When do midlatitude Cyclones stop producing storms?

Back 17

When the cold front has completely taken over the warm front.

Front 18

Upper air Divergence is most closely associated with surface ___________.

Back 18

Cyclones

Front 19

Which of the following statements does not correctly describe the US distribution of mid-latitude cyclones?

A. They commonly form downwind of the Rocky Mountains.

B. They commonly form along the central Atlantic Coast.

C. More occur in the summer than in the winter.

D. Most of them exit through the Northeast.

E. They form underneath areas of Divergence.

Back 19

C. More occur in the summer than in the winter.

Front 20

Most middle latitude Cyclones occur _______________.

Back 20

Downstream of an upper level pressure trough.

Front 21

Stable anticyclones act as a ____________ to moving Cyclones

Back 21

Block

Front 22

The movement (track along the ground) of middle latitude Cyclones is determined by _____________.

Back 22

The jet stream

Front 23

Which of the following can be said to be the death of a mid-latitude cyclone?

A. Expansion of the size of the warm sector.

B. Occurrence of intense precipitation.

C. The presence of strong temperature gradients across front.

D. Cyclogenesis.

E. Occlusion

Back 23

E. Occlusion

Front 24

Cyclogenesis occurs along the ____________.

Back 24

Polar front

Front 25

false?

A. They are areas of high pressure.

Concerning midlatitude anti Cyclones, which of the following is false?A. They are areas of high pressure. B. They have light winds around their centers. C. They do not contain front. D. They are larger than Cyclones. E. They contain air mass conflict.

B. They have light winds around their centers.

false?A. They are areas of high pressure. B. They have light winds around their centers. C. They do not contain front. D. They are larger than Cyclones. E. They contain air mass conflict.

C. They do not contain front.

D. They are larger than Cyclones.

E. They contain air mass conflict.

Back 25

E. They contain air mass conflict.

Front 26

Which is not true of both midlatitude Cyclones and midlatitude anti Cyclones?

A. They have winds rotating around their centers.

B. They cover many thousands of square kilometers.

C. They sometimes have a functional relationship with each other.

D. They contain closed isobars.

E. They contain subsiding air.

Back 26

E. They contain subsiding air.

Front 27

What is a tropical cyclone?

Back 27

A low-pressure disturbance that develops over warm, tropical waters.

Front 28

Where are tropical Cyclones found?

Back 28

At lower and middle latitudes.

Front 29

Which of the following names mean "tropical cyclone"?

A. Tornado.

B. Hurricane.

C. Monsoon.

D. Cyclone.

E. Typhoon.

Back 29

B. Hurricane

D. Cyclone

E. Typhoon

Front 30

Why is Heavy Rain associated with hurricane formation?

Back 30

Rising moist air cools. As air cools, water condenses and eventually Falls.

Front 31

Why is warm, moist air considered the "fuel" for a hurricane?

Back 31

Air cools as it rises. As air cools, water vapor will condense out as liquid water. Condensation releases heat, providing energy to the hurricane.

Front 32

How big can the diameter of a hurricane become?

Back 32

500 miles

Front 33

Which location rarely produces hurricane type storms?

Back 33

The South Atlantic off of Brazil.

Front 34

What causes the greatest number of fatalities from hurricanes?

Back 34

Flooding.

Front 35

The correct designation for a hurricane is as a(n) __________.

Back 35

Tropical cyclone

Front 36

North America's greatest hurricane loss of life took place at ___________.

Back 36

Galveston, TX

Front 37

The energy source of hurricanes is ____________.

Back 37

Warm sea water.

Front 38

The largest and strongest tropical Cyclones are associated with the __________.

Back 38

China Sea

Front 39

What process seems to weaken hurricanes?

Back 39

Eyewall replacement

Front 40

Hurricane formation is rare within _______ degrees of the Equator.

Back 40

10°

Front 41

Easterly waves are usually associated with polar high pressure. T/F

Back 41

False

Front 42

What is the solid rock of Earth's crust?

Back 42

Bedrock.

Front 43

The weathered layer of loose inorganic material overlaying unfragmented rock below is ____________.

Back 43

Regolith

Front 44

Why is the time factor such an important soil-development consideration?

Back 44

Soil forms very slowly and is difficult to manage.

Front 45

Considering climatic factors, at which location is soil likely to have the most advanced development?

Back 45

Southern Florida

Front 46

Which of the following is not considered part of the soil?

A. Air.

B. Living plants.

C. Dead and rotting plant parts.

D. Water.

E. Fine, fragmented mineral particles.

Back 46

B. Living plants

Front 47

This type of water is held to soil particles by adhesion and is normally unavailable to plants.

Back 47

Hygroscopic water

Front 48

Gravitational water is ___________.

Back 48

A temporary form of soil moisture.

Front 49

The process of eluviation in soils is the same thing as leaching. T/F

Back 49

True

Front 50

A soil with a large percentage of clay would be _________ and _________.

Back 50

Porous, non-permeable

Front 51

What is a colloid?

Back 51

Soil particles smaller than 0.1 micrometers.

Front 52

Which of the following is not a property of soil clay?

A. Occurs as thin laminar sheets.

B. It is able to hold water to itself.

C. Made primarily of silt.

D. Colloidal in size.

E. Many chemical reactions occur on its surfaces.

Back 52

C. Made primarily of silt.

Front 53

Cation exchange capacity is most closely associated with ____________.

Back 53

Colloids

Front 54

Based on the pH scale soils are neutral at ___________.

Back 54

7.0

Front 55

A soil with a high cation exchange would likely be ___________.

Back 55

Fertile

Front 56

What are the soil horizons from the surface downward for a fully developed, undisturbed soil profile?

Back 56

OAEBCR

Front 57

Eluvial materials are deposited in the soil's ________ horizon.

Back 57

E

Front 58

A dense layer, often forming in the B Horizon under calcification is ____________.

Back 58

A hardpan

Front 59

Solum is another term for the R horizon of soil. T/F

Back 59

False

Front 60

When layer of Earth lies directly below the moho?

Back 60

Mantle

Front 61

A considerable body of knowledge concerning Earth's interior has been amassed through all these methods except:

A. Getting mines.

B. Studying Earth's magnetism.

C. Drilling Wells.

D. Sampling rocks from Earth's core.

E. Studying seismic waves.

Back 61

D. Sampling rocks from Earth's core

Front 62

The _________ is the thinnest layer.

Back 62

Crust

Front 63

The lithosphere is sometimes defined as the _____________.

Back 63

Crust and upper Mantle

Front 64

What order is correct if we are considering the interior of Earth from the surface to the center?

Back 64

Crust, mantle, outer core, inner core.

Front 65

Earth's inner core is thought to consist of ___________.

Back 65

A rigid mass

Front 66

The "plates" in plate tectonics are in the __________.

Back 66

Lithosphere

Front 67

Crustal movements of various kinds in the Earth's crust is collectively called ___________ activity.

Back 67

Tectonic

Front 68

The theory of continental drift was revived, expanded, and put into its present form ____________.

Back 68

In the 1960's

Front 69

What mineral family includes the feldspars, quarts, and micas?

Back 69

Silicates

Front 70

What rock class results when deep burial of the rock causes enough pressure and heat to make the mineral matter recrystallize?

Back 70

Metamorphic

Front 71

Why is the rock cycle important?

Back 71

It shows that a mass of material may be incorporated in each Rock class at different times.

Front 72

Which of the following classes does not fit the requirement to be a mineral?

A. It must form a regular pattern of crystals.

B. It must have the same chemical composition where ever found.

C. It must be found in nature.

D. It must be made up of inorganic substances.

E. It must have economic value.

Back 72

E. It must have economic value.

Front 73

The largest and most important mineral family consists of the ___________.

Back 73

Silicates

Front 74

Rapid cooling in molten, extrusive materials makes the resulting materials ___________.

Back 74

Fine-grained

Front 75

In the formation of igneous rocks, large crystal size is closely related to __________.

Back 75

Slow cooling.

Front 76

__________ is a dark, find grained extrusive rock.

Back 76

Basalt

Front 77

The vast majority of all sedimentary rocks are sandstones, limestone's and __________.

Back 77

Shales

Front 78

Sedimentary rocks are the most common Bedrock on the continents and comprise about percent ___________ of the surface.

Back 78

2%

Front 79

Foliation refers to the characteristic of rocks:

Back 79

Wavy, banded

Front 80

Topography is a synonym for geomorphology. T/F

Back 80

False

Front 81

Which of the following is not an external geomorphic process?

A. Diastrophism.

B. Erosion.

C. Depostion.

D. Weathering.

E. Mass wasting.

Back 81

A. Diastrophism

Front 82

___________ is an "internal" process.

Back 82

Diastrophism

Front 83

The earliest era in the geologic time scale is __________.

Back 83

Precambrian

Front 84

The Viewpoint that past processes are the same as the present ones which created our present land surface is known as ___________.

Back 84

Uniformitarianism