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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the definition for lymphedema?
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An accumulation of high protein fluid which occurs when lymphatic vessels are impaired.
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What are the three main causes of lymphedema post breast cancer diagnosis?
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1. Surgical removal of axiallary lymph nodes
2. Radiation therapy 3. Certain chemotherapy regimens |
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What percentage of fluid is removed from the body via the lymphatic system?
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10%- the other 90% is resorbed by post capillary venules
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What is Starling's Law?
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Hydrostatic and oncotic forces within the vessel balance the hydrostatic and oncotic pressures in the interstium. Fluid and protein in equal fluid and protein out.
Promotes filatration from the arterial end of the capillaries and resorption from the venous end of the capillaries to maintain homeostasis. |
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What are the levels of organization of the lymph vessels?
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Capillaries (initial lymphatics)
Pre-collectors Collectors Trunks Ducts |
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Where does the lymphatic system join with the venous system?
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At the subclavian/jugular junction. The two ducts that empty into the junctions are the thoracic duct and the right lymphatic duct.
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What are all of the lymphatic organs?
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Lymph nodes
Lymph vessels Spleen Thymus Tonsils Peyer's Patches |
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What is the function of the initial lymphatics?
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Absorption
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What are pre-collectors, where are they located, and what is their function?
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Pre-collectors are vessels of the lymphatic system that are located in between the initial lymphatics and the collectors. Their function is to transport lymph, allow for absorption, and interconnect the initial lymphatics and the collectors.
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What are perforating pre-collectors and how do they differ from normal pre-collectors?
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Perforating pre-collectors bypass the superfical collectors, cross through muscle fascia, and connect to the deep collectors. They function to transport lymph, often from the deep collectors more superficially.
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What are the two types of collectors?
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Superfical and Deep
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What is the function of the collectors?
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Their main function is transportation. They are functional units found between a distal and proximal valve.
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What are the mechanisms of transportation used by the collectors?
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-Intrinsic contraction
-Respiration -Arterial/venous pulsation -Skeletal movement -Newly formed lymph (allows for back pressure) |
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Where are the lymphatic trunks located?
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Proximal to all regional lymph node groups.
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What are the two lymphatic ducts?
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The thoracic duct and the right lymphatic duct.
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What are the function of lymph nodes?
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-Production of lymphocytes
-Trap foreign matter as it is filtered through -Regulate fluid volume |
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Name the four contents of lymph fluid.
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Proteins, H2O, cellular content (i.e. lymphocytes, bacteria, viruses, cancer cells, cellular debris), and fatty acids.
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What is the Lympho-Lymphatic Anastomosis?
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Shared connection allowing the drainage between two adjacent territories. Found in the superficial collectors.
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Name the elements of the lymphatic system (micro to macro).
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1. Lymph capillaries
2. Pre-collectors 3. Collectors 4. Lymph Nodes 5. Trunks 6. Ducts |
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What are the functions of the lymphatic system?
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Removal of waste products from interstitial spaces, filters and retains debris and bacteria for macrophage activity, transports immunity cells, and recycles proteins.
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What is lymph minute volume?
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The amount of lymph transported in a unit of time.
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What is lymphatic load?
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The amount of filtrate and debris/cells in the system.
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What is transport capacity?
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The maximum lymph minute volume.
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What is complete decongestive therapy?
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It is the current acceptable standard of care for lymphedema. It is an effective combination of well-established techniques including MLD, compression bandaging, skin care, and exercise with a focus on self-management.
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