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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Do you want low or high pressures in the bladder?
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LOW!
Too high of pressures you're getting reflux back into the kidneys--> bad news |
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How is reflux into the kidneys from the bladder prevented?
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Flap valves at the uretric orfices
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What is the effect of the sympathetic nervous system on voiding?
What nerve does this? Where does it act? |
Inhibition
Hypogastric nerve Bladder trigone |
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What is the effect of the parasympathetic nervous system on voiding?
What nerve does this? |
Allows you to contract the detrusor muscle
Pelvic nerve |
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What part of voiding do we control? What nerves do this?
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External sphincter
Pudendal nerve: S234 keeps the pee off the floor! |
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What is the normal pattern of emptying in infants? Why do you have reason for caution?
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1. increase in detrusor pressure-->contraction
2. Opening of bladder neck 3. Sudden, complete relaxation of external sphincter 4. Decrease in urethral pressure 5. Voiding Just because the little guy went once in the diaper, doesn't mean that he doesn't have more ammunition! Sometimes it takes 2-3 times to empty the magazine, so to speak. |
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What is the pattern of normal adult voiding?
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1. Volitional sudden and complete relaxation of the external sphincter
2. Reflex decrease in urethral pressure 3. Detrusor contraction 4. Bladder neck opens 5. Voiding |
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What are different places in the body that can cause problems with micturating?
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Bladder problems
Valve problems Innervation problems |
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What common chronic disease can cause problems with urination?
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DMII
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What are some bladder problems that can cause problems micturating?
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Poorly contractile detrusor
Detrusor overactivity (idiopathic, irritated) |
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What are some sphincter problems that can cause issues with micturation?
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Incompetent sphincter
Hyperactive sphincter Increased bladder outlet resistance |
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What is a common cause of problems with micturation after pregnancy?
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Loss of support to the pelvic floor->urethra descends out the pelvis
Abdominal pressure is lost; the sphincter becomes incompetent |
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What is the effect of a damage in afferent innervation on voiding?
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Can't sense how full the bladder is
Can't suppress unwanted contractions |
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What is the effect of a loss of efferent innervation on bladder function?
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Can't initiate bladder contraction
Can't relax the sphincter |
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What is the effect of a spinal cord injury on bladder emptyin?
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Loss of coordinated voiding
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If a patient is incontinent, what should you ask them about?
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Urge: do you have to go and can't make it to the bathroom
Stress: do you leak urine upon exertion History of incontinence |
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What is a quick and easy way to see if a patient is emptying the bladder?
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Ultrasound
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What are different tests that you can use to test ability to urinate?
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Uroflow
Ultrasound Cystometrogram: measure pressures within the bladder Video fluororodynams Urinalysis |
