Life Span Exam 2

Front 1

what are the 3 components of a learning disability

Back 1

Minimum IQ, Significant difficulty in a school-related area,
Exclusion of severe emotional disorders, second-language background, sensory disabilities, and/or specific neurological deficits

Front 2

What are some possible causes of a learning disease

Back 2

Genetics (many tend to run in families)
Environmental influences
Problems in integrating information from multiple brain regions
Difficulties in brain structures and functions

Front 3

what are some possible causes of ADHD

Back 3

Genetics
Brain damage during prenatal or postnatal development
Cigarette and alcohol exposure during prenatal development
Later peak for cerebral cortex thickening

Front 4

what is seriation

Back 4

the ability to order stimuli along a quantitative dimension i.e can they line up sticks according to size. only concrete stage

Front 5

what is transitivity

Back 5

ability to logically combine relations to understand certain certain conclusions. i.e. one stick is bigger than the other than is the first stick larger than the last

Front 6

what is elaboration

Back 6

an important strategy that involves engaging in more extensive processing of information

Front 7

what is convergent thinking

Back 7

produces one correct answer and characterizes the kind of thinking that is required on conventional tests of intelligence

Front 8

What is divergent thinking

Back 8

produces many different answers to the same question and characterizes creativity

Front 9

what is metacognition

Back 9

cognition about cognition or knowledge about knowledge

Front 10

what is metamemory

Back 10

knowledge about memory

Front 11

What is the binet test

Back 11

first iq test for dumb french kids in schools

Front 12

What does iq measure

Back 12

metal age divided by chronological age times 100

Front 13

what is the wechsler scale

Back 13

scales that have 3 different age groups and has verbal and non verbal questions

Front 14

what is sternbergs triarchic theory

Back 14

states that intelligence comes in three forms, analytical creative and practical

Front 15

what is analytical intelligence

Back 15

ability to analyze judge, evaluate, compare, and contrast

Front 16

what is practical intelligence

Back 16

ability to use, apply, implement and put ideas into practice

Front 17

what are gardeners eight frames of mind

Back 17

verbal, mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalist

Front 18

what are the principles of self determination

Back 18

freedom, authority, autonomy, responsibility

Front 19

what is preconventional reasoning

Back 19

the lowest level of moral reasoning, god and bad are interpreted in terms of external rewards and punishments

Front 20

what is Heteronomous morality

Back 20

First stage of preconventional reasoning. Moral thinking is tied to punishment

Front 21

What is individualism, instumental purpose, and exchange

Back 21

Stage 2 of preconventional reasoning. Individuals reason that pursuing their own interests in the right thing to do but

Front 22

What is conventional reasoning

Back 22

individuals aply certain standards, but they are the standards set by others, such as parents or the government

Front 23

What is mutual interpersonal expectations, relationships, and interpersonal conformity

Back 23

Stage 3 of kohlbergs moral development. Individuals value trust, caring and loyalty to others as a basis of moral judgments

Front 24

What is social systems morality

Back 24

Fourth stage in kohlbergs theory of moral development. Moral judgments are based on understanding the social order, law, justice, and duty

Front 25

What is postconventional reasoning

Back 25

Individual recognizes alternative moral courses, explores the options, and then decides on a personal moral code

Front 26

What is Social contract or utility and individual rights

Back 26

5th stage in kohlbergs moral development. Individuals reason that values, rights and principles undergird or trancend the law. A person evaluates the validity of actual laws, and social systems can be examined in terms of the degree to which they preserve and protect fundamental human rights

Front 27

What is the universal ethical principles

Back 27

Kohlbergs 6th stage of moral development. The person has developed a moral standard based on universal human rights. Conscience vs. law

Front 28

what is the constructivist approach to student learning

Back 28

emphasizes the importance of individuals actively constructing their knowledge and understanding with guidance from the teacher

Front 29

what is the direct instruction approach

Back 29

a structured, teacher-centered approach that is characterized by teacher direction and control, mastery of acedemic skills, high expectations for students progress, maximum time spent on learning tasks, and effects to keep negative affects to a minimum

Front 30

what is hypothetical-deductive reasoning

Back 30

in formal operational stage that involves creating a hypothesis and deducing its implications

Front 31

what is adolescent egocentrism

Back 31

heightened self consciousness of adolescents

Front 32

what is imaginary audience

Back 32

adolescents belief that others are as interested in them as they themselves are

Front 33

personal fable

Back 33

involves a sense of uniqueness and invincibility

Front 34

what is psychosocial moratorium

Back 34

the gap between childhood security and adult autonomy

Front 35

what is crisis

Back 35

defined as a period of identity development during which the individual is exploring alternatives. (exploration)

Front 36

what are marcias 4 stages of identity status

Back 36

Identity confusion, Identity foreclosure, Identity moratorium, and identity achievement

Front 37

what are the types of attachment

Back 37

secure, anxious, avoidant

Front 38

what are the types of temperment associated with children

Back 38

easy or difficult, inhibited, and ability to control ones emotions

Front 39

what are the types of love

Back 39

romantic, affectionate, consummate

Front 40

what is romantic love

Back 40

passionate love

Front 41

what is affectionate love

Back 41

companionate love. the type of love that occurs when someone desires to have the other person near and has a deep caring affection for the person

Front 42

what are the 3 demensions of sternbergs love triangle

Back 42

passion intimacy and commitment

Front 43

what is consensual validation

Back 43

our own attitudes and values are supported when someone elses attitudes and values are similar to ours